docs: move the chapter about editor basics into third position
Or rather, move the chapter about command-line options to between the chapters on file browser and feature toggles. Also, rename the chapter about the built-in help, and move the section about screen layout to be the first in the editor-basics chapter.master
Benno Schulenberg
parent
e63fe3be69
commit
108c84daf8
402
doc/nano.texi
402
doc/nano.texi
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@ -81,10 +81,10 @@ This manual documents GNU @command{nano}, version 5.9.
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@menu
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* Introduction::
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* Invoking::
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* Command-line Options::
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* Editor Basics::
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* Built-in Help::
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* The Help Viewer::
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* The File Browser::
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* Command-line Options::
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* Feature Toggles::
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* Nanorc Files::
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* Pico Compatibility::
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@ -135,8 +135,8 @@ The usual way to invoke @command{nano} is:
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@end example
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@blankline
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But it is also possible to specify one or more options (see the next
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section), and to edit several files in a row. Additionally, the cursor
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But it is also possible to specify one or more options (@pxref{Command-line Options}),
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and to edit several files in a row. Additionally, the cursor
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can be put on a specific line of a file by adding the line number
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with a plus sign before the filename, and even in a specific column by
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adding it with a comma.
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@ -166,6 +166,203 @@ will read data from standard input. This means you can pipe the output of
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a command straight into a buffer, and then edit it.
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@node Editor Basics
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@chapter Editor Basics
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@menu
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* Screen Layout::
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* Entering Text::
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* Commands::
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* The Cutbuffer::
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* The Mark::
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* Search and Replace::
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* Using the Mouse::
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* Anchors::
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* Limitations::
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@end menu
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@node Screen Layout
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@section Screen Layout
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The default screen of nano consists of five areas. From top to bottom
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these are: the title bar, a blank line, the edit window, the status bar,
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and two help lines.
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The title bar consists of
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three sections: left, center and right. The section on the left
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displays the version of @command{nano} being used. The center section
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displays the current filename, or "New Buffer" if the file has not yet
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been named. The section on the right displays "Modified" if the
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file has been modified since it was last saved or opened.
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The status bar is the third line from the bottom of the screen. It
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shows important and informational messages. Any error messages that
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occur from using the editor will appear on the status bar. Any questions
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that are asked of the user will be asked on the status bar, and any user
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input (search strings, filenames, etc.) will be input on the status bar.
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The two help lines at the bottom of the screen show some of the most
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essential functions of the editor. These two lines are called the
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Shortcut List.
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@node Entering Text
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@section Entering Text
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@command{nano} is a "modeless" editor. This means that all keystrokes,
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with the exception of Control and Meta sequences, enter text into the
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file being edited.
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Characters not present on the keyboard can be entered in two ways:
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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For characters with a single-byte code,
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pressing the Esc key twice and then typing a three-digit decimal number
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(from @kbd{000} to @kbd{255}) will make @command{nano} behave as if you
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typed the key with that value.
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@item
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For any possible character, pressing @kbd{M-V} (Alt+V) and then typing a
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six-digit hexadecimal number (starting with @kbd{0} or @kbd{1}) will enter the
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corresponding Unicode character into the buffer.
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@end itemize
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For example, typing @kbd{Esc Esc 2 3 4} will enter the character "ê" ---
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useful when writing about a French party. Typing @kbd{M-V 0 0 2 2 c 4}
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will enter the symbol "⋄", a little diamond.
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@node Commands
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@section Commands
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Commands are given by using the Control key (Ctrl, shown as @kbd{^})
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or the Meta key (Alt or Cmd, shown as @kbd{M-}).
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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A control-key sequence is entered by holding down the Ctrl key and
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pressing the desired key.
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@item
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A meta-key sequence is entered by holding down the Meta key (normally
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the Alt key) and pressing the desired key.
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@end itemize
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If for some reason on your system the combinations with Ctrl or Alt do
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not work, you can generate them by using the Esc key. A control-key
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sequence is generated by pressing the Esc key twice and then pressing
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the desired key, and a meta-key sequence by pressing the Esc key once
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and then pressing the desired key.
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@node The Cutbuffer
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@section The Cutbuffer
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Text can be cut from a file a whole line at a time with @kbd{^K}.
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The cut line is stored in the cutbuffer. Consecutive strokes of @kbd{^K}
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will add each cut line to this buffer, but a @kbd{^K}
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after any other keystroke will overwrite the entire cutbuffer.
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The contents of the cutbuffer can be pasted at the current cursor position
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with @kbd{^U}.
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A line of text can be copied into the cutbuffer (without cutting it)
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with @kbd{M-6}.
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@node The Mark
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@section The Mark
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Text can be selected by first 'setting the Mark' with @kbd{^6}
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or @kbd{M-A} and then moving the cursor to the other end of the portion
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to be selected. The selected portion of text will be highlighted.
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This selection can now be cut or copied in its entirety with a single
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@kbd{^K} or @kbd{M-6}. Or the selection can be used to limit the scope of
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a search-and-replace (@kbd{^\}) or spell-checking session (@kbd{^T^T}).
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On some terminals, text can be selected also by holding down @kbd{Shift}
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while using the cursor keys. Holding down the @kbd{Ctrl} or @kbd{Alt}
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key too will increase the stride. Such a selection is cancelled
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upon any cursor movement where @kbd{Shift} isn't held.
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Cutting or copying selected text toggles off the mark automatically.
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If needed, it can be toggled off manually with another @kbd{^6} or @kbd{M-A}.
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@node Search and Replace
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@section Search and Replace
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One can search the current buffer for the occurrence of any string
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with the Search command (default key binding: @kbd{^W}). The default search
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mode is forward, case-insensitive, and for literal strings. But one
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can search backwards by pressing @kbd{M-B}, search case sensitively with @kbd{M-C},
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and interpret regular expressions in the search string with @kbd{M-R}.
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A regular expression in a search string always covers just one line;
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it cannot span multiple lines. And when replacing (with @kbd{^\} or @kbd{M-R})
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the replacement string cannot contain a newline (LF).
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@node Using the Mouse
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@section Using the Mouse
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When mouse support has been configured and enabled, a single mouse click
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places the cursor at the indicated position. Clicking a second time in
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the same position toggles the mark. Clicking in the shortcut list
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executes the selected shortcut. To be able to select text with the
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left button, or paste text with the middle button, hold down the
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Shift key during those actions.
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The mouse will work in the X Window System, and on the console when gpm
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is running.
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@node Anchors
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@section Anchors
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With @kbd{M-Ins} you can place an anchor (a kind of temporary bookmark)
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at the current line. With @kbd{M-PgUp} and @kbd{M-PgDn} you can jump
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to an anchor in the backward/forward direction. This jumping wraps
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around at the top and bottom.
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When a line with an anchor is removed, the line where the cursor ends up
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inherits the anchor. After performing an operation on the entire buffer
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(like formatting it, piping it through a command, or doing an external
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spell check on it), any anchors that were present are gone. And when
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you close the buffer, all its anchors simply disappear; they are not saved.
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Anchors are visualized in the margin when line numbers are activated.
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@node Limitations
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@section Limitations
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The recording and playback of keyboard macros works correctly only on a
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terminal emulator, not on a Linux console (VT), because the latter does
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not by default distinguish modified from unmodified arrow keys.
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@node The Help Viewer
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@chapter The Help Viewer
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The built-in help system in @command{nano} is available by pressing @kbd{^G}.
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It is fairly self-explanatory. It documents the various parts of the
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editor and the available keystrokes. Navigation is via the @kbd{^Y} (Page Up)
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and @kbd{^V} (Page Down) keys. @kbd{^X} exits from the help system.
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@node The File Browser
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@chapter The File Browser
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When in the Read-File (@kbd{^R}) or Write-Out menu (@kbd{^O}),
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pressing @kbd{^T} will invoke the file browser.
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Here, one can navigate directories in a graphical manner in order to
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find the desired file.
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Basic movement in the file browser is accomplished with the arrow and
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other cursor-movement keys. More targeted movement is accomplished by
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searching, via @kbd{^W} or @kbd{w}, or by changing directory, via
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@kbd{^_} or @kbd{g}. The behavior of the @kbd{Enter} key (or @kbd{s})
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varies by what is currently selected.
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If the currently selected object is a directory, the file browser will
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enter and display the contents of the directory. If the object is a
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file, this filename and path are copied to the status bar, and the file
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browser exits.
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@node Command-line Options
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@chapter Command-line Options
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@ -513,203 +710,6 @@ try using libmagic to determine the applicable syntax.
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@end table
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@node Editor Basics
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@chapter Editor Basics
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@menu
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* Entering Text::
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* Commands::
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* The Cutbuffer::
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* The Mark::
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* Screen Layout::
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* Search and Replace::
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* Using the Mouse::
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* Anchors::
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* Limitations::
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@end menu
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@node Entering Text
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@section Entering Text
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@command{nano} is a "modeless" editor. This means that all keystrokes,
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with the exception of Control and Meta sequences, enter text into the
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file being edited.
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Characters not present on the keyboard can be entered in two ways:
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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For characters with a single-byte code,
|
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pressing the Esc key twice and then typing a three-digit decimal number
|
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(from @kbd{000} to @kbd{255}) will make @command{nano} behave as if you
|
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typed the key with that value.
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|
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@item
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For any possible character, pressing @kbd{M-V} (Alt+V) and then typing a
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six-digit hexadecimal number (starting with @kbd{0} or @kbd{1}) will enter the
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corresponding Unicode character into the buffer.
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@end itemize
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For example, typing @kbd{Esc Esc 2 3 4} will enter the character "ê" ---
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useful when writing about a French party. Typing @kbd{M-V 0 0 2 2 c 4}
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will enter the symbol "⋄", a little diamond.
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@node Commands
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@section Commands
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Commands are given by using the Control key (Ctrl, shown as @kbd{^})
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or the Meta key (Alt or Cmd, shown as @kbd{M-}).
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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A control-key sequence is entered by holding down the Ctrl key and
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pressing the desired key.
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@item
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A meta-key sequence is entered by holding down the Meta key (normally
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the Alt key) and pressing the desired key.
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@end itemize
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If for some reason on your system the combinations with Ctrl or Alt do
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not work, you can generate them by using the Esc key. A control-key
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sequence is generated by pressing the Esc key twice and then pressing
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the desired key, and a meta-key sequence by pressing the Esc key once
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and then pressing the desired key.
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@node The Cutbuffer
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@section The Cutbuffer
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Text can be cut from a file a whole line at a time with @kbd{^K}.
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The cut line is stored in the cutbuffer. Consecutive strokes of @kbd{^K}
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will add each cut line to this buffer, but a @kbd{^K}
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after any other keystroke will overwrite the entire cutbuffer.
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|
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The contents of the cutbuffer can be pasted at the current cursor position
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with @kbd{^U}.
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A line of text can be copied into the cutbuffer (without cutting it)
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with @kbd{M-6}.
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@node The Mark
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@section The Mark
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Text can be selected by first 'setting the Mark' with @kbd{^6}
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or @kbd{M-A} and then moving the cursor to the other end of the portion
|
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to be selected. The selected portion of text will be highlighted.
|
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This selection can now be cut or copied in its entirety with a single
|
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@kbd{^K} or @kbd{M-6}. Or the selection can be used to limit the scope of
|
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a search-and-replace (@kbd{^\}) or spell-checking session (@kbd{^T^T}).
|
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|
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On some terminals, text can be selected also by holding down @kbd{Shift}
|
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while using the cursor keys. Holding down the @kbd{Ctrl} or @kbd{Alt}
|
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key too will increase the stride. Such a selection is cancelled
|
||||
upon any cursor movement where @kbd{Shift} isn't held.
|
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|
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Cutting or copying selected text toggles off the mark automatically.
|
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If needed, it can be toggled off manually with another @kbd{^6} or @kbd{M-A}.
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@node Screen Layout
|
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@section Screen Layout
|
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|
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The default screen of nano consists of five areas. From top to bottom
|
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these are: the title bar, a blank line, the edit window, the status bar,
|
||||
and two help lines.
|
||||
|
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The title bar consists of
|
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three sections: left, center and right. The section on the left
|
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displays the version of @command{nano} being used. The center section
|
||||
displays the current filename, or "New Buffer" if the file has not yet
|
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been named. The section on the right displays "Modified" if the
|
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file has been modified since it was last saved or opened.
|
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|
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The status bar is the third line from the bottom of the screen. It
|
||||
shows important and informational messages. Any error messages that
|
||||
occur from using the editor will appear on the status bar. Any questions
|
||||
that are asked of the user will be asked on the status bar, and any user
|
||||
input (search strings, filenames, etc.) will be input on the status bar.
|
||||
|
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The two help lines at the bottom of the screen show some of the most
|
||||
essential functions of the editor. These two lines are called the
|
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Shortcut List.
|
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|
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@node Search and Replace
|
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@section Search and Replace
|
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|
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One can search the current buffer for the occurrence of any string
|
||||
with the Search command (default key binding: @kbd{^W}). The default search
|
||||
mode is forward, case-insensitive, and for literal strings. But one
|
||||
can search backwards by pressing @kbd{M-B}, search case sensitively with @kbd{M-C},
|
||||
and interpret regular expressions in the search string with @kbd{M-R}.
|
||||
|
||||
A regular expression in a search string always covers just one line;
|
||||
it cannot span multiple lines. And when replacing (with @kbd{^\} or @kbd{M-R})
|
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the replacement string cannot contain a newline (LF).
|
||||
|
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@node Using the Mouse
|
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@section Using the Mouse
|
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|
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When mouse support has been configured and enabled, a single mouse click
|
||||
places the cursor at the indicated position. Clicking a second time in
|
||||
the same position toggles the mark. Clicking in the shortcut list
|
||||
executes the selected shortcut. To be able to select text with the
|
||||
left button, or paste text with the middle button, hold down the
|
||||
Shift key during those actions.
|
||||
|
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The mouse will work in the X Window System, and on the console when gpm
|
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is running.
|
||||
|
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@node Anchors
|
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@section Anchors
|
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|
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With @kbd{M-Ins} you can place an anchor (a kind of temporary bookmark)
|
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at the current line. With @kbd{M-PgUp} and @kbd{M-PgDn} you can jump
|
||||
to an anchor in the backward/forward direction. This jumping wraps
|
||||
around at the top and bottom.
|
||||
|
||||
When a line with an anchor is removed, the line where the cursor ends up
|
||||
inherits the anchor. After performing an operation on the entire buffer
|
||||
(like formatting it, piping it through a command, or doing an external
|
||||
spell check on it), any anchors that were present are gone. And when
|
||||
you close the buffer, all its anchors simply disappear; they are not saved.
|
||||
|
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Anchors are visualized in the margin when line numbers are activated.
|
||||
|
||||
@node Limitations
|
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@section Limitations
|
||||
|
||||
The recording and playback of keyboard macros works correctly only on a
|
||||
terminal emulator, not on a Linux console (VT), because the latter does
|
||||
not by default distinguish modified from unmodified arrow keys.
|
||||
|
||||
|
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@node Built-in Help
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@chapter Built-in Help
|
||||
|
||||
The built-in help system in @command{nano} is available by pressing @kbd{^G}.
|
||||
It is fairly self-explanatory. It documents the various parts of the
|
||||
editor and the available keystrokes. Navigation is via the @kbd{^Y} (Page Up)
|
||||
and @kbd{^V} (Page Down) keys. @kbd{^X} exits from the help system.
|
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|
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|
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@node The File Browser
|
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@chapter The File Browser
|
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|
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When in the Read-File (@kbd{^R}) or Write-Out menu (@kbd{^O}),
|
||||
pressing @kbd{^T} will invoke the file browser.
|
||||
Here, one can navigate directories in a graphical manner in order to
|
||||
find the desired file.
|
||||
|
||||
Basic movement in the file browser is accomplished with the arrow and
|
||||
other cursor-movement keys. More targeted movement is accomplished by
|
||||
searching, via @kbd{^W} or @kbd{w}, or by changing directory, via
|
||||
@kbd{^_} or @kbd{g}. The behavior of the @kbd{Enter} key (or @kbd{s})
|
||||
varies by what is currently selected.
|
||||
If the currently selected object is a directory, the file browser will
|
||||
enter and display the contents of the directory. If the object is a
|
||||
file, this filename and path are copied to the status bar, and the file
|
||||
browser exits.
|
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|
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|
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@node Feature Toggles
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@chapter Feature Toggles
|
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|
|
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|||
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