1035 lines
38 KiB
Groff
1035 lines
38 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (C) 2003-2011, 2013-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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.\"
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.\" This document is dual-licensed. You may distribute and/or modify it
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.\" under the terms of either of the following licenses:
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.\"
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.\" * The GNU General Public License, as published by the Free Software
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.\" Foundation, version 3 or (at your option) any later version. You
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.\" should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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.\" along with this program. If not, see
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.\" <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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.\"
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.\" * The GNU Free Documentation License, as published by the Free
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.\" Software Foundation, version 1.2 or (at your option) any later
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.\" version, with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no
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.\" Back-Cover Texts. You should have received a copy of the GNU Free
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.\" Documentation License along with this program. If not, see
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.\" <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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.\"
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.TH NANORC 5 "version 5.9" "October 2021"
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.SH NAME
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nanorc \- GNU nano's configuration file
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The \fInanorc\fP files contain the default settings for \fBnano\fP,
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a small and friendly editor. During startup, if \fB\-\-rcfile\fR
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is not given, \fBnano\fR will read two files: first the
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system-wide settings, from \fI/etc/nanorc\fP (the exact path might be
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different on your system), and then the user-specific settings, either
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from \fI~/.nanorc\fR or from \fI$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/nano/nanorc\fR
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or from \fI~/.config/nano/nanorc\fR, whichever is encountered first.
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If \fB\-\-rcfile\fR is given, \fBnano\fR will read just the specified
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settings file.
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.SH NOTICE
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Since version 4.0, \fBnano\fR by default:
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.sp
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.RS 4
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\(bu does not automatically hard-wrap lines that become overlong,
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.br
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\(bu includes the line below the title bar in the editing area,
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.br
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\(bu does linewise (smooth) scrolling.
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.RE
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.sp
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To get the old, Pico behavior back, you can use \fBset breaklonglines\fR,
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\fBset emptyline\fR, and \fBset jumpyscrolling\fR.
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.SH OPTIONS
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The configuration file accepts a series of \fBset\fP and \fBunset\fP
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commands, which can be used to configure nano on startup without using
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command-line options. Additionally, there are some commands to define
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syntax highlighting and to rebind keys -- see the two separate sections
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on those. \fBnano\fP reads one command per line.
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All commands and keywords should be written in lowercase.
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.sp
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Options in \fInanorc\fP files take precedence over nano's defaults, and
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command-line options override \fInanorc\fP settings. Also, options that
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do not take an argument are unset by default. So using the \fBunset\fR
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command is only needed when wanting to override a setting of the system's
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\fInanorc\fR file in your own \fInanorc\fR. Options that take an
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argument cannot be unset.
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.sp
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Quotes inside the \fIcharacters\fR parameters below should not be escaped.
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The last double quote on the line will be seen as the closing quote.
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.sp
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The supported commands and arguments are:
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.TP 3
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.B set afterends
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Make Ctrl+Right and Ctrl+Delete stop at word ends instead of beginnings.
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.TP
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.B set allow_insecure_backup
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When backing up files, allow the backup to succeed even if its permissions
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can't be (re)set due to special OS considerations. You should
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NOT enable this option unless you are sure you need it.
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.TP
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.B set atblanks
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When soft line wrapping is enabled, make it wrap lines at blank characters
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(tabs and spaces) instead of always at the edge of the screen.
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.TP
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.B set autoindent
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Automatically indent a newly created line to the same number of tabs
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and/or spaces as the previous line (or as the next line if the previous
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line is the beginning of a paragraph).
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.TP
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.B set backup
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When saving a file, create a backup file by adding a tilde (\fB~\fP) to
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the file's name.
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.TP
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.B set backupdir "\fIdirectory\fP"
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Make and keep not just one backup file, but make and keep a uniquely
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numbered one every time a file is saved -- when backups are enabled
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with \fBset backup\fR or \fB\-\-backup\fR or \fB\-B\fR.
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The uniquely numbered files are stored in the specified \fIdirectory\fR.
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.TP
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.B set boldtext
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Use bold instead of reverse video for the title bar, status bar, key combos,
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function tags, line numbers, and selected text. This can be overridden by
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setting the options \fBtitlecolor\fP, \fBstatuscolor\fP, \fBkeycolor\fP,
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\fBfunctioncolor\fP, \fBnumbercolor\fP, and \fBselectedcolor\fP.
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.TP
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.B set bookstyle
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When justifying, treat any line that starts with whitespace as the
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beginning of a paragraph (unless auto-indenting is on).
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.TP
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.BI "set brackets """ characters """
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Set the characters treated as closing brackets when justifying
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paragraphs. This may not include blank characters. Only closing
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punctuation (see \fBset punct\fP), optionally followed by the specified
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closing brackets, can end sentences. The default value is "\fB\(dq')>]}\fR".
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.TP
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.B set breaklonglines
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Automatically hard-wrap the current line when it becomes overlong.
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.TP
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.B set casesensitive
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Do case-sensitive searches by default.
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.TP
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.B set constantshow
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Constantly display the cursor position in the status bar.
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This overrides the option \fBquickblank\fR.
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.TP
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.B set cutfromcursor
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Use cut-from-cursor-to-end-of-line by default, instead of cutting the whole line.
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.TP
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.B set emptyline
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Do not use the line below the title bar, leaving it entirely blank.
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.TP
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.B set errorcolor \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]\fIfgcolor\fB,\fIbgcolor\fR
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Use this color combination for the status bar when an error message is displayed.
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The default value is \fBbold,white,red\fR.
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See \fBset titlecolor\fR for valid color names.
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.TP
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.B set fill \fInumber\fR
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Set the target width for justifying and automatic hard-wrapping at this
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\fInumber\fR of columns. If the value is 0 or less, wrapping will occur
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at the width of the screen minus \fInumber\fR columns, allowing the wrap
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point to vary along with the width of the screen if the screen is resized.
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The default value is \fB\-8\fR.
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.TP
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.B set functioncolor \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]\fIfgcolor\fB,\fIbgcolor\fR
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Use this color combination for the concise function descriptions
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in the two help lines at the bottom of the screen.
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See \fBset titlecolor\fR for more details.
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.TP
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.B set guidestripe \fInumber
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Draw a vertical stripe at the given column, to help judge the width of the
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text. (The color of the stripe can be changed with \fBset stripecolor\fR.)
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.TP
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.B set historylog
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Save the last hundred search strings and replacement strings and
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executed commands, so they can be easily reused in later sessions.
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.TP
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.B set indicator
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Display a "scrollbar" on the righthand side of the edit window.
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It shows the position of the viewport in the buffer
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and how much of the buffer is covered by the viewport.
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.TP
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.B set jumpyscrolling
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Scroll the buffer contents per half-screen instead of per line.
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.TP
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.B set keycolor \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]\fIfgcolor\fB,\fIbgcolor\fR
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Use this color combination for the shortcut key combos
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in the two help lines at the bottom of the screen.
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See \fBset titlecolor\fR for more details.
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.TP
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.B set linenumbers
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Display line numbers to the left of the text area.
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(Any line with an anchor additionally gets a mark in the margin.)
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.TP
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.B set locking
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Enable vim-style lock-files for when editing files.
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.TP
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.B set magic
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When neither the file's name nor its first line give a clue,
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try using libmagic to determine the applicable syntax.
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(Calling libmagic can be relatively time consuming.
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It is therefore not done by default.)
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.TP
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.BI "set matchbrackets """ characters """
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Specify the opening and closing brackets that can be found by bracket
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searches. This may not include blank characters. The opening set must
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come before the closing set, and the two sets must be in the same order.
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The default value is "\fB(<[{)>]}\fP".
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.TP
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.B set minibar
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Suppress the title bar and instead show information about
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the current buffer at the bottom of the screen, in the space
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for the status bar. In this "minibar" the filename is shown
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on the left, followed by an asterisk if the buffer has been modified.
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On the right are displayed the current line and column number, the
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code of the character under the cursor (in Unicode format: U+xxxx),
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the same flags as are shown by \fBset stateflags\fR, and a percentage
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that expresses how far the cursor is into the file (linewise).
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When a file is loaded or saved, and also when switching between buffers,
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the number of lines in the buffer is displayed after the filename.
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This number is cleared upon the next keystroke, or replaced with an
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[i/n] counter when multiple buffers are open.
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The line plus column numbers and the character code are displayed only when
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\fBset constantshow\fR is used, and can be toggled on and off with \fBM-C\fR.
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The state flags are displayed only when \fBset stateflags\fR is used.
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.TP
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.B set minicolor \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]\fIfgcolor\fB,\fIbgcolor\fR
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Use this color combination for the minibar.
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(When this option is not specified, the colors of the title bar are used.)
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See \fBset titlecolor\fR for more details.
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.TP
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.B set mouse
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Enable mouse support, if available for your system. When enabled, mouse
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clicks can be used to place the cursor, set the mark (with a double
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click), and execute shortcuts. The mouse will work in the X Window
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System, and on the console when gpm is running. Text can still be
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selected through dragging by holding down the Shift key.
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.TP
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.B set multibuffer
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When reading in a file with \fB^R\fR, insert it into a new buffer by default.
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.TP
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.B set noconvert
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Don't convert files from DOS/Mac format.
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.TP
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.B set nohelp
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Don't display the two help lines at the bottom of the screen.
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.TP
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.B set nonewlines
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Don't automatically add a newline when a text does not end with one.
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(This can cause you to save non-POSIX text files.)
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.TP
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.B set nowrap
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Deprecated option since it has become the default setting.
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When needed, use \fBunset breaklonglines\fR instead.
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.TP
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.B set numbercolor \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]\fIfgcolor\fB,\fIbgcolor\fR
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Use this color combination for line numbers.
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See \fBset titlecolor\fR for more details.
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.TP
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.B set operatingdir "\fIdirectory\fP"
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\fBnano\fP will only read and write files inside \fIdirectory\fP and its
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subdirectories. Also, the current directory is changed to here, so
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files are inserted from this directory. By default, the operating
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directory feature is turned off.
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.TP
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.B set positionlog
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Save the cursor position of files between editing sessions.
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The cursor position is remembered for the 200 most-recently edited files.
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.TP
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.B set preserve
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Preserve the XON and XOFF keys (\fB^Q\fR and \fB^S\fR).
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.TP
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.B set promptcolor \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]\fIfgcolor\fB,\fIbgcolor\fR
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Use this color combination for the prompt bar.
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(When this option is not specified, the colors of the title bar are used.)
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See \fBset titlecolor\fR for more details.
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.TP
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.BI "set punct """ characters """
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Set the characters treated as closing punctuation when justifying
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paragraphs. This may not include blank characters. Only the
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specfified closing punctuation, optionally followed by closing brackets
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(see \fBbrackets\fP), can end sentences. The default value is "\fB!.?\fP".
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.TP
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.B set quickblank
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Make status-bar messages disappear after 1 keystroke instead of after 20.
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Note that options \fBconstantshow\fR and \fBminibar\fR override this.
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.TP
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.BI "set quotestr """ regex """
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Set the regular expression for matching the quoting part of a line.
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The default value is "\fB^([\ \\t]*([!#%:;>|}]|//))+\fP".
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(Note that \fB\\t\fR stands for an actual Tab character.)
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This makes it possible to rejustify blocks of quoted text when composing
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email, and to rewrap blocks of line comments when writing source code.
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.TP
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.B set rawsequences
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Interpret escape sequences directly (instead of asking \fBncurses\fR to
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translate them). If you need this option to get your keyboard to work
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properly, please report a bug. Using this option disables \fBnano\fR's
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mouse support.
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.TP
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.B set rebinddelete
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Interpret the Delete and Backspace keys differently so that both Backspace
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and Delete work properly. You should only use this option when on your
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system either Backspace acts like Delete or Delete acts like Backspace.
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.TP
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.B set regexp
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Do regular-expression searches by default.
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Regular expressions in \fBnano\fR are of the extended type (ERE).
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.TP
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.B set saveonexit
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Save a changed buffer automatically on exit (\fB^X\fR); don't prompt.
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(The old form of this option, \fBset tempfile\fR, is deprecated.)
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.TP
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.B set scrollercolor \fIfgcolor\fB,\fIbgcolor\fR
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Use this color combination for the indicator alias "scrollbar".
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(On terminal emulators that link to a libvte older than version 0.55,
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using a background color here does not work correctly.)
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See \fBset titlecolor\fR for more details.
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.TP
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.B set selectedcolor \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]\fIfgcolor\fB,\fIbgcolor\fR
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Use this color combination for selected text.
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See \fBset titlecolor\fR for more details.
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.TP
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.B set showcursor
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Put the cursor on the highlighted item in the file browser, and show
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the cursor in the help viewer, to aid braille users and people with
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poor vision.
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.TP
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.B set smarthome
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Make the Home key smarter. When Home is pressed anywhere but at the
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very beginning of non-whitespace characters on a line, the cursor will
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jump to that beginning (either forwards or backwards). If the cursor is
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already at that position, it will jump to the true beginning of the
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line.
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.TP
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.B set softwrap
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Display lines that exceed the screen's width over multiple screen lines.
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(You can make this soft-wrapping occur at whitespace instead of rudely at
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the screen's edge, by using also \fBset atblanks\fR.)
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.TP
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.B set speller """\fIprogram\fR [\fIargument \fR...]\fB"""
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Use the given \fIprogram\fR to do spell checking and correcting, instead of
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using the built-in corrector that calls \fBhunspell\fR(1) or \fBspell\fR(1).
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.TP
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.B set spotlightcolor \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]\fIfgcolor\fB,\fIbgcolor\fR
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Use this color combination for highlighting a search match.
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The default value is \fBblack,lightyellow\fR.
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See \fBset titlecolor\fR for valid color names.
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.TP
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.B set stateflags
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Use the top-right corner of the screen for showing some state flags:
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\fBI\fR when auto-indenting, \fBM\fR when the mark is on, \fBL\fR when
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hard-wrapping (breaking long lines), \fBR\fR when recording a macro,
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and \fBS\fR when soft-wrapping.
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When the buffer is modified, a star (\fB*\fR) is shown after the
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filename in the center of the title bar.
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.TP
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.B set statuscolor \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]\fIfgcolor\fB,\fIbgcolor\fR
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Use this color combination for the status bar.
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See \fBset titlecolor\fR for more details.
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.TP
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.B set stripecolor \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]\fIfgcolor\fB,\fIbgcolor\fR
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Use this color combination for the vertical guiding stripe.
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See \fBset titlecolor\fR for more details.
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.TP
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.B set suspendable
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Obsolete option; ignored. Suspension is enabled by default,
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reachable via \fB^T^Z\fR. (If you want a plain \fB^Z\fR to
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suspend nano, add \fBbind ^Z suspend main\fR to your nanorc.)
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.TP
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.B set tabsize \fInumber\fR
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Use a tab size of \fInumber\fR columns. The value of \fInumber\fP must be
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greater than 0. The default value is \fB8\fR.
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.TP
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.B set tabstospaces
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Convert each typed tab to spaces -- to the number of spaces
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that a tab at that position would take up.
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.TP
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.B set titlecolor \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]\fIfgcolor\fB,\fIbgcolor\fR
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Use this color combination for the title bar.
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Valid names for the foreground and background colors are:
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.BR red ", " green ", " blue ", " magenta ", " yellow ", " cyan ", "
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.BR white ", and " black .
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Each of these eight names may be prefixed with the word \fBlight\fR
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to get a brighter version of that color.
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The word \fBgrey\fR or \fBgray\fR may be used
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as a synonym for \fBlightblack\fR.
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On terminal emulators that can do at least 256 colors,
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other valid (but unprefixable) color names are:
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.BR pink ", " purple ", " mauve ", " lagoon ", " mint ", "
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.BR lime ", " peach ", " orange ", " latte ", and " normal
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-- where \fBnormal\fR means the default foreground or background color.
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On such emulators, the color may also be specified as a three-digit hexadecimal
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number prefixed with \fB#\fR, with the digits representing the amounts of red,
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green, and blue, respectively. This tells \fBnano\fR to select from the
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available palette the color that approximates the given values.
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Either "\fIfgcolor\fR" or "\fB,\fIbgcolor\fR" may be left out,
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and the pair may be preceded by \fBbold\fR and/or \fBitalic\fR
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(separated by commas) to get a bold and/or slanting typeface,
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if your terminal can do those.
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.TP
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.B set trimblanks
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Remove trailing whitespace from wrapped lines when automatic
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|
hard-wrapping occurs or when text is justified.
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.TP
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.B set unix
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Save a file by default in Unix format. This overrides nano's
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default behavior of saving a file in the format that it had.
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(This option has no effect when you also use \fBset noconvert\fR.)
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.TP
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.BI "set whitespace """ characters """
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|
Set the two characters used to indicate the presence of tabs and
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spaces. They must be single-column characters. The default pair
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for a UTF-8 locale is "\fB\[Fc]\[md]\fR", and for other locales "\fB>.\fR".
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.TP
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.B set wordbounds
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|
Detect word boundaries differently by treating punctuation
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characters as parts of words.
|
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.TP
|
|
.BI "set wordchars """ characters """
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|
Specify which other characters (besides the normal alphanumeric ones)
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should be considered as parts of words. When using this option, you
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probably want to unset \fBwordbounds\fR.
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|
.TP
|
|
.B set zap
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|
Let an unmodified Backspace or Delete erase the marked region
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(instead of a single character, and without affecting the cutbuffer).
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.TP
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.B set zero
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|
Hide the title bar (or minibar) and use all rows
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of the terminal for showing the text of the buffer. Only significant
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messages appear on the status bar, and disappear upon the next keystroke.
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This "hidden interface" mode can be toggled with \fBM-Z\fR.
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.SH SYNTAX HIGHLIGHTING
|
|
Coloring the different syntactic elements of a file
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|
is done via regular expressions (see the \fBcolor\fR command below).
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|
This is inherently imperfect, because regular expressions are not
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|
powerful enough to fully parse a file. Nevertheless, regular
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|
expressions can do a lot and are easy to make, so they are a
|
|
good fit for a small editor like \fBnano\fR.
|
|
.sp
|
|
All regular expressions in \fBnano\fR are POSIX extended regular expressions.
|
|
This means that \fB.\fR, \fB?\fR, \fB*\fR, \fB+\fR, \fB^\fR, \fB$\fR, and
|
|
several other characters are special.
|
|
The period \fB.\fR matches any single character,
|
|
\fB?\fR means the preceding item is optional,
|
|
\fB*\fR means the preceding item may be matched zero or more times,
|
|
\fB+\fR means the preceding item must be matched one or more times,
|
|
\fB^\fR matches the beginning of a line, and \fB$\fR the end,
|
|
\fB\\<\fR matches the start of a word, and \fB\\>\fR the end,
|
|
and \fB\\s\fR matches a blank.
|
|
It also means that lookahead and lookbehind are not possible.
|
|
A complete explanation can be found in the manual page of GNU grep:
|
|
\fBman grep\fR.
|
|
.sp
|
|
For each kind of file a separate syntax can be defined
|
|
via the following commands:
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI syntax " name \fR[" """" fileregex """ " \fR...]
|
|
Start the definition of a syntax with this \fIname\fR.
|
|
All subsequent \fBcolor\fR and other such commands
|
|
will be added to this syntax, until a new \fBsyntax\fR
|
|
command is encountered.
|
|
.sp
|
|
When \fBnano\fR is run, this syntax will be automatically
|
|
activated if the current filename matches the extended regular
|
|
expression \fIfileregex\fR. Or the syntax can be explicitly
|
|
activated by using the \fB\-Y\fR or \fB\-\-syntax\fR
|
|
command-line option followed by the \fIname\fR.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The syntax \fBdefault\fP is special: it takes no \fIfileregex\fR,
|
|
and applies to files that don't match any syntax's regexes.
|
|
The syntax \fBnone\fP is reserved; specifying it on the command line
|
|
is the same as not having a syntax at all.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI "header """ regex """ \fR...
|
|
If from all defined syntaxes no \fIfileregex\fR matched, then compare
|
|
this \fIregex\fR (or regexes) against the first line of the current file,
|
|
to determine whether this syntax should be used for it.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI "magic """ regex """ \fR...
|
|
If no \fIfileregex\fR matched and no \fBheader\fR regex matched
|
|
either, then compare this \fIregex\fR (or regexes) against the
|
|
result of querying the \fBmagic\fP database about the current
|
|
file, to determine whether this syntax should be used for it.
|
|
(This functionality only works when \fBlibmagic\fP is installed on the
|
|
system and will be silently ignored otherwise.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI formatter " program " \fR[ "argument " \fR...]
|
|
Run the given \fIprogram\fR on the full contents of the current buffer.
|
|
(The current buffer is written out to a temporary file, the program is
|
|
run on it, and then the temporary file is read back in, replacing the
|
|
contents of the buffer.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI linter " program " \fR[ "argument " \fR...]
|
|
Use the given \fIprogram\fR to run a syntax check on the current buffer.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI "comment """ string """
|
|
Use the given \fIstring\fR for commenting and uncommenting lines.
|
|
If the string contains a vertical bar or pipe character (\fB|\fR),
|
|
this designates bracket-style comments; for example, "\fB/*|*/\fR" for
|
|
CSS files. The characters before the pipe are prepended to the line and the
|
|
characters after the pipe are appended at the end of the line. If no pipe
|
|
character is present, the full string is prepended; for example, "\fB#\fR"
|
|
for Python files. If empty double quotes are specified, the comment/uncomment
|
|
function is disabled; for example, "" for JSON.
|
|
The default value is "\fB#\fP".
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI "tabgives """ string """
|
|
Make the <Tab> key produce the given \fIstring\fR. Useful for languages like
|
|
Python that want to see only spaces for indentation.
|
|
This overrides the setting of the \fBtabstospaces\fR option.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI "color \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]" fgcolor , bgcolor " """ regex """ " \fR...
|
|
Paint all pieces of text that match the extended regular expression
|
|
\fIregex\fP with the given foreground and background colors, at least
|
|
one of which must be specified. Valid color names are:
|
|
.BR red ", " green ", " blue ", " magenta ", " yellow ", " cyan ", "
|
|
.BR white ", and " black .
|
|
Each of these eight names may be prefixed with the word \fBlight\fR
|
|
to get a brighter version of that color.
|
|
The word \fBgrey\fR or \fBgray\fR may be used
|
|
as a synonym for \fBlightblack\fR.
|
|
On terminal emulators that can do at least 256 colors,
|
|
other valid (but unprefixable) color names are:
|
|
.BR pink ", " purple ", " mauve ", " lagoon ", " mint ", "
|
|
.BR lime ", " peach ", " orange ", " latte ", and " normal
|
|
-- where \fBnormal\fR means the default foreground or background color.
|
|
On such emulators, the color may also be specified as a three-digit hexadecimal
|
|
number prefixed with \fB#\fR, with the digits representing the amounts of red,
|
|
green, and blue, respectively. This tells \fBnano\fR to select from the
|
|
available palette the color that approximates the given values.
|
|
|
|
The color pair may be preceded by \fBbold\fR and/or \fBitalic\fR
|
|
(separated by commas) to get a bold and/or slanting typeface,
|
|
if your terminal can do those.
|
|
.sp
|
|
All coloring commands are applied in the order in which they are specified,
|
|
which means that later commands can recolor stuff that was colored earlier.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI "icolor \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]" fgcolor , bgcolor " """ regex """ " \fR...
|
|
Same as above, except that the matching is case insensitive.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI "color \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]" fgcolor , bgcolor " start=""" fromrx """ end=""" torx """
|
|
Paint all pieces of text whose start matches extended regular expression
|
|
\fIfromrx\fP and whose end matches extended regular expression \fItorx\fP
|
|
with the given foreground and background colors,
|
|
at least one of which must be specified. This means that, after an
|
|
initial instance of \fIfromrx\fP, all text until the first instance of
|
|
\fItorx\fP will be colored. This allows syntax highlighting to span
|
|
multiple lines.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI "icolor \fR[\fBbold,\fR][\fBitalic,\fR]" fgcolor , bgcolor " start=""" fromrx """ end=""" torx """
|
|
Same as above, except that the matching is case insensitive.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI "include """ syntaxfile """
|
|
Read in self-contained color syntaxes from \fIsyntaxfile\fP. Note that
|
|
\fIsyntaxfile\fP may contain only the above commands, from \fBsyntax\fP
|
|
to \fBicolor\fP.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI extendsyntax " name command argument " \fR...
|
|
Extend the syntax previously defined as \fIname\fR with another
|
|
\fIcommand\fR. This allows adding a new \fBcolor\fP, \fBicolor\fP,
|
|
\fBheader\fR, \fBmagic\fR, \fBformatter\fR, \fBlinter\fR, \fBcomment\fR,
|
|
or \fBtabgives\fR
|
|
command to an already defined syntax -- useful when you want to
|
|
slightly improve a syntax defined in one of the system-installed
|
|
files (which normally are not writable).
|
|
|
|
.SH REBINDING KEYS
|
|
Key bindings can be changed via the following three commands:
|
|
.RS 3
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI bind " key function menu"
|
|
Rebinds the given \fIkey\fP to the given \fIfunction\fP in the given \fImenu\fP
|
|
(or in all menus where the function exists when \fBall\fP is used).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI bind " key " """" string """" " menu"
|
|
Makes the given \fIkey\fR produce the given \fIstring\fR in the given
|
|
\fImenu\fR (or in all menus where the key exists when \fBall\fR is used).
|
|
The \fIstring\fR can consist of text or commands or a mix of them.
|
|
(To enter a command into the \fIstring\fR, precede its keystroke
|
|
with \fBM\-V\fR.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI unbind " key menu"
|
|
Unbinds the given \fIkey\fP from the given \fImenu\fP (or from all
|
|
menus where the key exists when \fBall\fP is used).
|
|
.RE
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
The format of \fIkey\fP should be one of:
|
|
.RS 3
|
|
.TP 7
|
|
.BI ^ X
|
|
where \fIX\fR is a Latin letter, or one of several ASCII characters
|
|
(@, ], \\, ^, _), or the word "Space".
|
|
Example: ^C.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI M\- X
|
|
where \fIX\fR is any ASCII character except [, or the word "Space".
|
|
Example: M\-8.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI Sh\-M\- X
|
|
where \fIX\fR is a Latin letter.
|
|
Example: Sh\-M\-U.
|
|
By default, each Meta+letter keystroke does the same as the corresponding
|
|
Shift+Meta+letter. But when any Shift+Meta bind is made, that will
|
|
no longer be the case, for all letters.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BI F N
|
|
where \fIN\fR is a numeric value from 1 to 24.
|
|
Example: F10.
|
|
(Often, \fBF13\fR to \fBF24\fR can be typed as \fBF1\fR to \fBF12\fR with Shift.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.BR Ins " or " Del .
|
|
.RE
|
|
.sp
|
|
Rebinding \fB^M\fR (Enter) or \fB^I\fR (Tab) is probably not a good idea.
|
|
Rebinding \fB^[\fR (Esc) is not possible, because its keycode
|
|
is the starter byte of Meta keystrokes and escape sequences.
|
|
Rebinding any of the dedicated cursor-moving keys (the arrows, Home, End,
|
|
PageUp and PageDown) is not possible.
|
|
On some terminals it's not possible to rebind \fB^H\fR (unless \fB\-\-raw\fR
|
|
is used) because its keycode is identical to that of the Backspace key.
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
Valid \fIfunction\fP names to be bound are:
|
|
.RS 3
|
|
.TP 2
|
|
.B help
|
|
Invokes the help viewer.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B cancel
|
|
Cancels the current command.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B exit
|
|
Exits from the program (or from the help viewer or file browser).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B writeout
|
|
Writes the current buffer to disk, asking for a name.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B savefile
|
|
Writes the current file to disk without prompting.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B insert
|
|
Inserts a file into the current buffer (at the current cursor position),
|
|
or into a new buffer when option \fBmultibuffer\fR is set.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B whereis
|
|
Starts a forward search for text in the current buffer -- or for filenames
|
|
matching a string in the current list in the file browser.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B wherewas
|
|
Starts a backward search for text in the current buffer -- or for filenames
|
|
matching a string in the current list in the file browser.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B findprevious
|
|
Searches the next occurrence in the backward direction.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B findnext
|
|
Searches the next occurrence in the forward direction.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B replace
|
|
Interactively replaces text within the current buffer.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B cut
|
|
Cuts and stores the current line (or the marked region).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B copy
|
|
Copies the current line (or the marked region) without deleting it.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B paste
|
|
Pastes the currently stored text into the current buffer at the
|
|
current cursor position.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B zap
|
|
Throws away the current line (or the marked region).
|
|
(This function is bound by default to <Meta+Delete>.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B chopwordleft
|
|
Deletes from the cursor position to the beginning of the preceding word.
|
|
(This function is bound by default to <Shift+Ctrl+Delete>. If your terminal
|
|
produces \fB^H\fR for <Ctrl+Backspace>, you can make <Ctrl+Backspace> delete
|
|
the word to the left of the cursor by rebinding \fB^H\fR to this function.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B chopwordright
|
|
Deletes from the cursor position to the beginning of the next word.
|
|
(This function is bound by default to <Ctrl+Delete>.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B cutrestoffile
|
|
Cuts all text from the cursor position till the end of the buffer.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B mark
|
|
Sets the mark at the current position, to start selecting text.
|
|
Or, when it is set, unsets the mark.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B location
|
|
Reports the current position of the cursor in the buffer:
|
|
the line, column, and character positions.
|
|
(The old name of this function, 'curpos', is deprecated.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B wordcount
|
|
Counts and reports on the status bar the number of lines, words,
|
|
and characters in the current buffer (or in the marked region).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B execute
|
|
Prompts for a program to execute. The program's output will be inserted
|
|
into the current buffer (or into a new buffer when \fBM-F\fR is toggled).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B speller
|
|
Invokes a spell-checking program, either the default \fBhunspell\fR(1) or GNU
|
|
\fBspell\fR(1), or the one defined by \fB\-\-speller\fR or \fBset speller\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B formatter
|
|
Invokes a full-buffer-processing program (if the active syntax defines one).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B linter
|
|
Invokes a syntax-checking program (if the active syntax defines one).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B justify
|
|
Justifies the current paragraph (or the marked region).
|
|
A paragraph is a group of contiguous lines
|
|
that, apart from possibly the first line, all have the same indentation. The
|
|
beginning of a paragraph is detected by either this lone line with a differing
|
|
indentation or by a preceding blank line.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B fulljustify
|
|
Justifies the entire current buffer (or the marked region).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B indent
|
|
Indents (shifts to the right) the current line or the marked lines.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B unindent
|
|
Unindents (shifts to the left) the current line or the marked lines.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B comment
|
|
Comments or uncomments the current line or the marked lines,
|
|
using the comment style specified in the active syntax.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B complete
|
|
Completes (when possible) the fragment before the cursor
|
|
to a full word found elsewhere in the current buffer.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B left
|
|
Goes left one position (in the editor or browser).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B right
|
|
Goes right one position (in the editor or browser).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B up
|
|
Goes one line up (in the editor or browser).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B down
|
|
Goes one line down (in the editor or browser).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B scrollup
|
|
Scrolls the viewport up one row (meaning that the text slides down)
|
|
while keeping the cursor in the same text position, if possible.
|
|
(This function is bound by default to <Alt+Up>.
|
|
If <Alt+Up> does nothing on your Linux console, see the FAQ:
|
|
.UR https://nano\-editor.org/dist/latest/faq.html#4.1
|
|
.UE .)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B scrolldown
|
|
Scrolls the viewport down one row (meaning that the text slides up)
|
|
while keeping the cursor in the same text position, if possible.
|
|
(This function is bound by default to <Alt+Down>.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B center
|
|
Scrolls the line with the cursor to the middle of the screen.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B prevword
|
|
Moves the cursor to the beginning of the previous word.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B nextword
|
|
Moves the cursor to the beginning of the next word.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B home
|
|
Moves the cursor to the beginning of the current line.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B end
|
|
Moves the cursor to the end of the current line.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B beginpara
|
|
Moves the cursor to the beginning of the current paragraph.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B endpara
|
|
Moves the cursor to the end of the current paragraph.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B prevblock
|
|
Moves the cursor to the beginning of the current or preceding block of text.
|
|
(Blocks are separated by one or more blank lines.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B nextblock
|
|
Moves the cursor to the beginning of the next block of text.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B pageup
|
|
Goes up one screenful.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B pagedown
|
|
Goes down one screenful.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B firstline
|
|
Goes to the first line of the file.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B lastline
|
|
Goes to the last line of the file.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B gotoline
|
|
Goes to a specific line (and column if specified). Negative numbers count
|
|
from the end of the file (and end of the line).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B findbracket
|
|
Moves the cursor to the bracket (or brace or parenthesis, etc.) that matches
|
|
(pairs) with the one under the cursor. See \fBset matchbrackets\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B anchor
|
|
Places an anchor at the current line, or removes it when already present.
|
|
(An anchor is visible when line numbers are activated.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B prevanchor
|
|
Goes to the first anchor before the current line.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B nextanchor
|
|
Goes to the first anchor after the current line.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B prevbuf
|
|
Switches to editing/viewing the previous buffer when multiple buffers are open.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B nextbuf
|
|
Switches to editing/viewing the next buffer when multiple buffers are open.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B verbatim
|
|
Inserts the next keystroke verbatim into the file.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B tab
|
|
Inserts a tab at the current cursor location.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B enter
|
|
Inserts a new line below the current one.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B delete
|
|
Deletes the character under the cursor.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B backspace
|
|
Deletes the character before the cursor.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B recordmacro
|
|
Starts the recording of keystrokes -- the keystrokes are stored
|
|
as a macro. When already recording, the recording is stopped.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B runmacro
|
|
Replays the keystrokes of the last recorded macro.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B undo
|
|
Undoes the last performed text action (add text, delete text, etc).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B redo
|
|
Redoes the last undone action (i.e., it undoes an undo).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B refresh
|
|
Refreshes the screen.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B suspend
|
|
Suspends the editor and returns control to the shell
|
|
(until you tell the process to resume execution with \fBfg\fR).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B casesens
|
|
Toggles whether searching/replacing ignores or respects the case of
|
|
the given characters.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B regexp
|
|
Toggles whether searching/replacing uses literal strings or regular expressions.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B backwards
|
|
Toggles whether searching/replacing goes forward or backward.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B older
|
|
Retrieves the previous (earlier) entry at a prompt.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B newer
|
|
Retrieves the next (later) entry at a prompt.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B flipreplace
|
|
Toggles between searching for something and replacing something.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B flipgoto
|
|
Toggles between searching for text and targeting a line number.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B flipexecute
|
|
Toggles between inserting a file and executing a command.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B flippipe
|
|
When executing a command, toggles whether the current buffer (or marked
|
|
region) is piped to the command.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B flipnewbuffer
|
|
Toggles between inserting into the current buffer and into a new
|
|
empty buffer.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B flipconvert
|
|
When reading in a file, toggles between converting and not converting
|
|
it from DOS/Mac format. Converting is the default.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B dosformat
|
|
When writing a file, switches to writing a DOS format (CR/LF).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B macformat
|
|
When writing a file, switches to writing a Mac format.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B append
|
|
When writing a file, appends to the end instead of overwriting.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B prepend
|
|
When writing a file, 'prepends' (writes at the beginning) instead of overwriting.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B backup
|
|
When writing a file, creates a backup of the current file.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B discardbuffer
|
|
When about to write a file, discard the current buffer without saving.
|
|
(This function is bound by default only when option \fB\-\-saveonexit\fR
|
|
is in effect.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B browser
|
|
Starts the file browser (in the Read File and Write Out menus),
|
|
allowing to select a file from a list.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B gotodir
|
|
Goes to a directory to be specified, allowing to browse anywhere
|
|
in the filesystem.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B firstfile
|
|
Goes to the first file in the list when using the file browser.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B lastfile
|
|
Goes to the last file in the list when using the file browser.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B nohelp
|
|
Toggles the presence of the two-line list of key bindings at the bottom of the screen.
|
|
(This toggle is special: it is available in all menus except the help viewer
|
|
and the linter. All further toggles are available in the main menu only.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B constantshow
|
|
Toggles the constant display of the current line, column, and character positions.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B softwrap
|
|
Toggles the displaying of overlong lines on multiple screen lines.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B linenumbers
|
|
Toggles the display of line numbers in front of the text.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B whitespacedisplay
|
|
Toggles the showing of whitespace.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B nosyntax
|
|
Toggles syntax highlighting.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B smarthome
|
|
Toggles the smartness of the Home key.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B autoindent
|
|
Toggles whether a newly created line will contain the same amount of leading
|
|
whitespace as the preceding line -- or as the next line if the preceding line
|
|
is the beginning of a paragraph.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B cutfromcursor
|
|
Toggles whether cutting text will cut the whole line or just from the current cursor
|
|
position to the end of the line.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B breaklonglines
|
|
Toggles whether long lines will be hard-wrapped to the next line.
|
|
(The old name of this function, 'nowrap', is deprecated.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B tabstospaces
|
|
Toggles whether typed tabs will be converted to spaces.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B mouse
|
|
Toggles mouse support.
|
|
.RE
|
|
|
|
.TP
|
|
Valid \fImenu\fP sections are:
|
|
.RS 3
|
|
.TP 2
|
|
.B main
|
|
The main editor window where text is entered and edited.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B help
|
|
The help-viewer menu.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B search
|
|
The search menu (AKA whereis).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B replace
|
|
The 'search to replace' menu.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B replacewith
|
|
The 'replace with' menu, which comes up after 'search to replace'.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B yesno
|
|
The 'yesno' menu, where the Yes/No/All/Cancel question is asked.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B gotoline
|
|
The 'goto line (and column)' menu.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B writeout
|
|
The 'write file' menu.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B insert
|
|
The 'insert file' menu.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B browser
|
|
The 'file browser' menu, for selecting a file to be opened or
|
|
inserted or written to.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B whereisfile
|
|
The 'search for a file' menu in the file browser.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B gotodir
|
|
The 'go to directory' menu in the file browser.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B execute
|
|
The menu for inserting the output from an external command,
|
|
or for filtering the buffer (or the marked region) through
|
|
an external command, or for executing one of several tools.
|
|
(The old form of this menu name, 'extcmd', is deprecated.)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B spell
|
|
The menu of the integrated spell checker where the user can edit a misspelled word.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B linter
|
|
The linter menu, which allows jumping through the linting messages.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B all
|
|
A special name that encompasses all menus.
|
|
For \fBbind\fR it means all menus where the specified \fIfunction\fR exists;
|
|
for \fBunbind\fR it means all menus where the specified \fIkey\fR exists.
|
|
.RE
|
|
|
|
.SH FILES
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I /etc/nanorc
|
|
System-wide configuration file.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.IR ~/.nanorc " or " $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/nano/nanorc " or " ~/.config/nano/nanorc
|
|
Per-user configuration file.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I /usr/share/nano/*
|
|
Syntax definitions for the syntax coloring of common file types
|
|
(and for less common file types in the \fIextra/\fR subdirectory).
|
|
|
|
.SH SEE ALSO
|
|
.BR nano (1)
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I https://nano-editor.org/cheatsheet.html
|
|
An overview of the default key bindings.
|