unified dell latitude instructions
90% of the info on the old pages was fluff, copied and pasted to all the other pages. replace them all with a single page. i've already directed the old pages to the new one, in libreboot.org's httpd Signed-off-by: Leah Rowe <info@minifree.org>master
Leah Rowe
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@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
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---
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title: Dell Latitude E6400
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x-toc-enable: true
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...
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**Thermal safety**: this machine shuts down very quickly, when the machine
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exceeds 80c CPU temperature, which is far more conservative than on most
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laptops (non-Dell ones), so you should make sure that your thermals are
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excellent. More info available [here](dell_thermal.md). This is a known bug,
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but otherwise the machine will be mostly stable.
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<div class="specs">
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<center>
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<img tabindex=1 alt="Dell Latitude E6400" class="p" src="https://av.canoeboot.org/e6400/e6400-seabios.jpg" /><span class="f"><img src="https://av.canoeboot.org/e6400/e6400-seabios.jpg" /></span> <img tabindex=1 alt="Dell Latitude E6400 XFR" class="p" style="max-width:24em" src="https://av.canoeboot.org/e6400/e6400xfr-seabios.jpg" /><span class="f"><img src="https://av.canoeboot.org/e6400/e6400xfr-seabios.jpg" /></span>
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</center>
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| ***Specifications*** | |
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|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------|
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| **Manufacturer** | Dell |
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| **Name** | Latitude E6400 |
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| **Variants** | E6400, E6400 XFR and E6400 ATG are supported |
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| **Released** | 2009 |
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| **Chipset** | Intel Cantiga GM45(Intel GPU)/PM45(Nvidia GPU) |
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| **CPU** | Intel Core 2 Duo (Penryn family). |
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| **Graphics** | Intel GMA 4500MHD (and NVidia Quadro NVS 160M
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on some models) |
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| **Display** | 1280x800/1440x900 TFT |
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| **Memory** | 2 or 4GB (Upgradable to 8GB) |
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| **Architecture** | x86_64 |
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| **EC** | SMSC MEC5035 with proprietary firmware |
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| **Original boot firmware** | Dell BIOS |
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| **Intel ME/AMD PSP** | Present. Can be completely disabled. |
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| **Flash chip** | SOIC-8 4MiB or 2MiB+4MiB |
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```
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W+: Works;
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N: Doesn't work;
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U: Untested;
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P+: Partially works;
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```
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| ***Features*** | |
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|---------------------------------------------------|----|
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| **Internal flashing with original boot firmware** | W+ |
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| **Display (if Intel GPU)** | W+ |
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| **Audio** | W+ |
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| **RAM Init** | W+ |
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| **External output** | W+ |
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| **Display brightness** | P+ |
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| ***Payloads supported*** | |
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|---------------------------|-----------|
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| **GRUB** | Works |
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| **SeaBIOS** | Works |
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| **SeaBIOS with GRUB** | Works |
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</div>
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Introduction
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============
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Known supported variants: E6400, E6400 XFR and E6400 ATG. Only the *Intel*
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graphics models are supported; the ones with Nvidia graphics are not compatible
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with Canoeboot.
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**To install Canoeboot, see: [E6400 installation
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instructions](../install/e6400.md)**
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ROM images for Dell Latitude E6400 are available for flashing in the Canoeboot
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release 20230423 onwards, or you can compile a ROM image for installation via
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cbmk, see: [build instructions](../build/)
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There are two possible flash chip sizes for the E6400: 4MiB (32Mbit) or 2+4MiB
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(16Mbit+32MBit). Canoeboot presently supports the 4MiB version, and provides
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8MiB images for those who upgrade their flash to 8MiB or 16MiB. There appears
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to be several possible mainboard PCBs for the E6400, which we believe mostly
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affects the GPU configuration and the number of available SPI flash footprints:
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- LA-3801P: iGPU, possibly dual SPI (however only one may be populated)
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- LA-3803P: dGPU, dual SPI (however only one may be populated)
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- LA-3805P: iGPU, single SPI flash (4MiB)
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- LA-3806P: dGPU, unknown SPI configuration (likely at least 4MiB)
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NOTE: dGPU variants are not supported in Canoeboot. Those are the ones with
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Nvidia graphics. Canoeboot *only* supports the model with Intel graphics.
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These PCB numbers can be found either under the black plastic in the RAM slots
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on the bottom (CPU side) of the board, the top left corner near the VGA port
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(top side, under the keyboard and palmrest), or near the CPU backplate (only
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requires removal of the keyboard).
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We believe that all boards will have at least a single 4MiB flash chip,
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regardless of the number of SPI footprints. This is likely the most common
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configuration on most available systems. The 2+4MiB configuration likely
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would have only been used on systems with full Intel ME firmware with AMT
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functionality, though this configuration has not yet been encountered.
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Most people will want to use the 4MiB images.
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Intel GPU: 100% Free Software is possible
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---------------
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This is a GM45/PM45 platform, so completely libre initialisation in
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coreboot is possible, provided by default in Canoeboot.
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Management Engine (ME) firmware removed
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-------------------------
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This port in Canoeboot made use of `ich9gen` from ich9utils, which
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you can read about in the [ich9utils manual](../install/ich9utils.md) - this
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creates a no-ME setup. The Intel Management Engine firmware (ME) is completely
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removed, and the ME disabled, just like on ThinkPad X200, T400 and so on.
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*The E6400 laptops may come with the ME (and sometimes AMT in addition) before
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flashing canoeboot. Dell also sold configurations with the ME completely
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disabled, identifiable by a yellow sticker reading "3 ME Disabled" inside the
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bottom panel. This config sets the MeDisable bit in the IFD and sets the ME
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region almost entirely to 1's, with the occasional 32-bit value (likely not
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executable). Canoeboot disables and removes it by using a modified descriptor:
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see [../install/ich9utils.md](../install/ich9utils.md)*
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(contains notes, plus instructions)
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@ -34,32 +34,16 @@ Canoeboot currently supports the following systems:
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- [Intel D945GCLF](d945gclf.md)
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- Dell OptiPlex 780 USFF and MT variants (no install guide yet)
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NOTE: To flash the 780 OptiPlex, just short the service mode jumper at boot.
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Then flash one of the `_truncate` release images, region-by-region, in this
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order:
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flashprog -p internal --ifd -i fd canoeboot.rom
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flashprog -p internal --ifd -i gbe canoeboot.rom
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flashprog -p internal --ifd -i bios canoeboot.rom
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You *must* use the `_truncate` images on first install, because these target
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only the first 6MB of the flash, which is accessible. After you have it flashed,
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you can re-flash the full image which makes use of all of the flash.
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The `_truncate` image must be padded. Just do this:
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dd if=/dev/zero of=2mb.bin bs=2M count=1
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cat canoeboot_6mb.rom 2mb.bin > canoeboot.rom
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External flashing is also possible, if you wish.
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### Laptops (Intel, x86)
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- **[Dell Latitute E6400, E6400 XFR and E6400 ATG, with Intel
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GPU](e6400.md) (easy to flash, no disassembly, similar
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hardware to X200/T400)**
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- ThinkPad X60 / X60S / X60 Tablet
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- ThinkPad T60 (with Intel GPU)
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- [Apple MacBook1,1 and MacBook2,1](macbook21.md)
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- [Dell Latitude E6400, E6400 XFR and E6400 ATG](../install/latitude.md)
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- [Lenovo ThinkPad R400](r400.md)
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- [Lenovo ThinkPad R500](r500.md)
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- [Lenovo ThinkPad T400 / T400S](t400.md)
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- [Lenovo ThinkPad T500](t500.md)
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- Lenovo ThinkPad T60 (with Intel GPU)
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- [Lenovo ThinkPad W500](t500.md)
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- [Lenovo ThinkPad X200 / X200S / X200 Tablet](x200.md)
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- Lenovo ThinkPad X301
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- [Lenovo ThinkPad R400](r400.md)
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@ -29,11 +29,12 @@ x-toc-enable: true
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- [Gigabyte GA-G41M-ES2L 主板](ga-g41m-es2l.md)
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- [Intel D510MO 及 D410PT 主板](d510mo.md)
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- [Intel D945GCLF](d945gclf.md)
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- Dell OptiPlex 780 USFF and MT variants (no install guide yet)
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### 笔记本（Intel，x86）
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- [Apple MacBook1,1 及 MacBook2,1](macbook21.md)
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- [Dell Latitude E6400, E6400 XFR 及 E6400 ATG，皆支持 Nvidia 或 Intel GPU](e6400.md) **（刷入简单，无需拆解，硬件类似 X200/T400）**
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- [Dell Latitude E6400, E6400 XFR 及 E6400 ATG](../install/latitude.md)
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- [Lenovo ThinkPad R400](r400.md)
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- [Lenovo ThinkPad R500](r500.md)
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- [Lenovo ThinkPad T400 / T400S](t400.md)
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@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ Dell Latitude E6400
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===================
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**If you haven't bought an R400 yet: the [Dell Latitude
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E6400](e6400.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
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E6400](../install/latitude.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
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it can be flashed entirely in software from Dell BIOS to Canoeboot. It is the
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same hardware generation (GM45), with same CPUs, video processor, etc.**
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@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Dell Latitude E6400
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===================
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**If you haven't bought an R500 yet: the [Dell Latitude
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E6400](e6400.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
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E6400](../install/latitude.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
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it can be flashed entirely in software from Dell BIOS to Canoeboot. It is the
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same hardware generation (GM45), with same CPUs, video processor, etc.**
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@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Dell Latitude E6400
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===================
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**If you haven't bought an T400 yet: the [Dell Latitude
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E6400](e6400.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
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E6400](../install/latitude.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
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it can be flashed entirely in software from Dell BIOS to Canoeboot. It is the
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same hardware generation (GM45), with same CPUs, video processor, etc.**
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@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Dell Latitude E6400
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===================
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**If you haven't bought an T500 yet: the [Dell Latitude
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E6400](e6400.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
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E6400](../install/latitude.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
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it can be flashed entirely in software from Dell BIOS to Canoeboot. It is the
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same hardware generation (GM45), with same CPUs, video processor, etc.**
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@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Dell Latitude E6400
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===================
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**If you haven't bought an X200 yet: the [Dell Latitude
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E6400](e6400.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
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E6400](../install/latitude.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
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it can be flashed entirely in software from Dell BIOS to Canoeboot. It is the
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same hardware generation (GM45), with same CPUs, video processor, etc.**
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@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
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---
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title: Internally flash Dell Latitude laptops
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x-toc-enable: true
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...
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Make sure SecureBoot is disabled, if you're running a UEFI-based Latitude.
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Other steps also required, described on this page and in the `README.md`
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file included with `dell-flash-unlock`.
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Disable security before flashing
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================================
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Before internal flashing, you must first disable `/dev/mem` protections. Make
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sure to re-enable them after you're finished.
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See: [Disabling /dev/mem protection](devmem.md)
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Internal flashing
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=================
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You can simply boot GNU+Linux or BSD, on the Dell Latitude you wish to flash, and
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run `flashprog` from there, for Canoeboot installation. Certain other steps
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are also required, documented in the steps below:
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You can flash Canoeboot directly from the vendor (Dell) BIOS, without taking
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the machine apart. It can be done entirely from GNU+Linux or BSD.
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**NOTE (15 October 2023): The util is now called `dell-flash-unlock`, but it
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was previously called `e6400-flash-unlock`. Links have been updated.**
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Check `util/dell-flash-unlock` in the `cbmk.git` repository, or in releases.
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Go in there:
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cd util/dell-flash-unlock
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make
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**With this program, you can unlock the flash in such a way where everything
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is writeable. Information about how to use it is in the `README.md` file which
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is included in that program's directory, or you can read it online here:**
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**<https://browse.libreboot.org/lbmk.git/plain/util/dell-flash-unlock/README.md>**
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**Please make sure that you do fully read the README, because it contains
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useful information.**
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Literally just run that program, and do what it says. You run it once, and shut
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down, and when you do, the system brings itself back up automatically; on some
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systems, you have to boot the machine back up manually, after power down. Then
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you run it and flash it unlocked. Then you run it again. The source code is
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intuitive enough that you can easily get the gist of it; it's writing some EC
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commands and changing some chipset config bits. The EC on this machine is
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hooked up to the `GPIO33` signal, sometimes called `HDA_DOCK_EN`, which sets
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the flash descriptor override thus disabling any flash protection by the IFD.
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It also bypasses the SMM BIOS lock protection by disabling SMIs, and Dell's
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BIOS doesn't set any other type of protection either such as writing to
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Protected Range registers.
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MAKE SURE to back up the original firmware image first:
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flashprog -p internal -r factory.rom
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When you flash it, you can use this command:
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flashprog -p internal -w canoeboot.rom
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Where `canoeboot.rom` is your Dell Latitude ROM. *Make sure* it's the right
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one. If flashprog complains about multiple flash chips detected, just pick one of them (doesn't matter which one). On *most* Dell machines, the most correct
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would probably be this option in flashprog: `-c MX25L3205D/MX25L3208D`.
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So:
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flashprog -p internal -w canoeboot.rom -c MX25L3205D/MX25L3208D
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When you see flashprog say `VERIFIED` at the end, that means the flash was
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successful. If you don't see that, or you're unsure, please [contact the
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Canoeboot project via IRC](../../contact.md).
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@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
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---
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title: Flashing the Dell Latitude E6400
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x-toc-enable: true
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...
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Introduction
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============
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Initial flashing instructions for the E6400. DO NOT flash the Nvidia GPU
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variant. This page pertains only to the Intel GPU variant.
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This guide is for those who want Canoeboot on their Latitude E6400 while
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they still have the original Dell BIOS present. This guide can also be
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followed (adapted) if you brick your E6400, and you want to recover it.
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This board can boot entirely blob-free in the flash. The hardware is similar
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to that of ThinkPad X200, T400 etc where no-ME setup is possible.
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A note about GPUs
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-----------------
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Models with Intel graphics are GM45, and fully supported in Canoeboot
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with native initialisation; ROM images are available since.
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**The Intel video initialisation is libre, implemented with publicly available
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source code via libgfxinit, from the coreboot project.**
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Flash chip size {#flashchips}
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===============
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Use this to find out:
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flashprog -p internal
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We believe most/all are 4MB (32Mb) flash sizes. The schematics hint that
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some boards may have 6MB flash (4MB and 2MB, dual chip), but we've only ever
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seen 4MB setups in the wild. You can still flash the 4MB image on 6MB setups,
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if it's encountered, by just leaving the higher 2MB part unflashed, because
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the flash descriptor (in Libreboot) configures everything so that the BIOS
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region ends just before the 4MB mark, in flash; the BIOS region is the final
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region, in the higher part of flash as defined *by the descriptor*, regardless
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of whether that is the actual end of the flash.
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Libreboot does currently provide 6MB images on this board, for these reasons.
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MAC address {#macaddress}
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===========
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The MAC address is part of the ROM image that you're flashing. You can change
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it at any time, before or after you've flashed Canoeboot; you can also change
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it in the *Dell* BIOS, if you really want to. This is for the onboard gigabit
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ethernet device.
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Refer to [mac\_address.md](../hardware/mac_address.md).
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It is recommended that you run *nvmutil*. See:
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[nvmutil usage manual](nvmutil.md)
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The `nvmutil` software is specifically designed for changing MAC addresses,
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and it implements a few more safeguards (e.g. prevents multicast/all-zero
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MAC addresses) and features (MAC address randomisation, ability to correct or
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intententionally corrupt(disable) GbE sections if you wish, swap GbE parts,
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etc). You can *also* run ich9gen, if you wish:
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[ich9gen usage manual](ich9utils.md)
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Intel GPU: libre video initialisation available
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===============================================
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Canoeboot uses coreboot's native `libgfxinit` on this platform, for
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variants with Intel graphics.
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Intel GPU errata
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----------------
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Systems with a 1440 x 900 display panel instead of the more common 1280 x 800
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panel will have garbled graphics before the OS boots (i.e. in SeaBIOS or GRUB)
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in Libreboot 20240504 and earlier. This is fixed in releases after 20240504.
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This was caused by libgfxinit calculating PLL divider values for the pixel clock
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assuming a 96 MHz reference frequency, whereas the E6400 uses a 100 MHz
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reference frequency. The error is not large enough to affect the lower
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resolution panels, but is enough to affect the 1440 x 900 panels which use a
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higher pixel clock.
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How to flash internally (no diassembly)
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=======================================
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Please read the article:
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[Internally flash Dell Latitude laptops](dell_internal.md)
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Dell's original BIOS/UEFI firmware typically prevents write access, but it
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has bugs which can be exploited, to enable Libreboot installation very easily.
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You do not have to disassemble the machine.
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How to flash externally
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=========================
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|
||||
Refer to [spi.md](spi.md) as a guide for external re-flashing.
|
||||
|
||||
The SPI flash chip shares a voltage rail with the ICH9 southbridge, which is
|
||||
not isolated using a diode. As a result, powering the flash chip externally
|
||||
causes the ICH9 to partially power up and attempt to drive the SPI clock pin
|
||||
low, which can interfere with programmers such as the Raspberry Pi. See
|
||||
[RPi Drive Strength](spi.md#rpi-drive-strength) for a workaround.
|
||||
|
||||
Have a look online for videos showing how to disassemble, if you wish to
|
||||
externally re-flash.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -242,9 +242,9 @@ the sections below:
|
|||
|
||||
[You must flash it externally](spi.md)
|
||||
|
||||
#### DELL Latitute E6400 laptop (easy to flash, similar to X200/T400)
|
||||
#### DELL Latitude laptops
|
||||
|
||||
See: [Dell Latitute E6400 Canoeboot Installation Guide](e6400.md)
|
||||
See: [Dell Latitude flashing guide](latitude.md)
|
||||
|
||||
#### ThinkPad X200/T400/T500/W500/R400/R500 vendor BIOS
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -487,10 +487,10 @@ How to use external flashing equipment
|
|||
Refer to the following article:\
|
||||
[Externally rewrite 25xx NOR flash via SPI protocol](spi.md)
|
||||
|
||||
DELL Latitude E6400 laptop (easy to flash, similar to X200/T400)
|
||||
DELL Latitude laptops
|
||||
-------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
See: [Dell Latitute E6400 Canoeboot Installation Instructions](e6400.md)
|
||||
See: [Dell Latitude flashing guide](latitude.md)
|
||||
|
||||
ASUS KFSN4-DRE
|
||||
--------------
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ x-toc-enable: true
|
|||
...
|
||||
|
||||
**If you haven't bought an R400 yet: the [Dell Latitude
|
||||
E6400](e6400.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
|
||||
E6400](latitude.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
|
||||
it can be flashed entirely in software from Dell BIOS to Canoeboot. It is the
|
||||
same hardware generation (GM45), with same CPUs, video processor, etc.**
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Dell Latitude E6400
|
|||
===================
|
||||
|
||||
**If you haven't bought an T400 yet: the [Dell Latitude
|
||||
E6400](e6400.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
|
||||
E6400](latitude.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
|
||||
it can be flashed entirely in software from Dell BIOS to Canoeboot. It is the
|
||||
same hardware generation (GM45), with same CPUs, video processor, etc.**
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ NOTE: Canoeboot standardises on [flashprog](https://flashprog.org/wiki/Flashprog
|
|||
now, as of 3 May 2024, which is a fork of flashrom.
|
||||
|
||||
**If you haven't bought a T500 yet: the [Dell Latitude
|
||||
E6400](e6400.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
|
||||
E6400](latitude.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
|
||||
it can be flashed entirely in software from Dell BIOS to Canoeboot. It is the
|
||||
same hardware generation (GM45), with same CPUs, video processor, etc.**
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ NOTE: Canoeboot standardises on [flashprog](https://flashprog.org/wiki/Flashprog
|
|||
now, as of 3 May 2024, which is a fork of flashrom.
|
||||
|
||||
**If you haven't bought an X200 yet: the [Dell Latitude
|
||||
E6400](e6400.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
|
||||
E6400](latitude.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
|
||||
it can be flashed entirely in software from Dell BIOS to Canoeboot. It is the
|
||||
same hardware generation (GM45), with same CPUs, video processor, etc.**
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ NOTE: Canoeboot standardises on [flashprog](https://flashprog.org/wiki/Flashprog
|
|||
now, as of 3 May 2024, which is a fork of flashrom.
|
||||
|
||||
**If you haven't bought an X200 yet: the [Dell Latitude
|
||||
E6400](e6400.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
|
||||
E6400](latitude.md) is much easier to flash; no disassembly required,
|
||||
it can be flashed entirely in software from Dell BIOS to Canoeboot. It is the
|
||||
same hardware generation (GM45), with same CPUs, video processor, etc.**
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue