/*
 * Endianness.h
 * ------------
 * Purpose: Code for deadling with endianness.
 * Notes  : (currently none)
 * Authors: OpenMPT Devs
 * The OpenMPT source code is released under the BSD license. Read LICENSE for more details.
 */


#pragma once

#include "BuildSettings.h"

#include <array>
#if MPT_CXX_AT_LEAST(20)
#include <bit>
#endif // C++20
#include <limits>

#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>

#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#if MPT_COMPILER_MSVC
#include <intrin.h>
#endif



OPENMPT_NAMESPACE_BEGIN



namespace mpt {



#if MPT_CXX_AT_LEAST(20)

using std::endian;

static_assert(mpt::endian::big != mpt::endian::little, "platform with all scalar types having size 1 is not supported");

constexpr mpt::endian get_endian() noexcept
{
	return mpt::endian::native;
}

constexpr bool endian_is_little() noexcept
{
	return get_endian() == mpt::endian::little;
}

constexpr bool endian_is_big() noexcept
{
	return get_endian() == mpt::endian::big;
}

constexpr bool endian_is_weird() noexcept
{
	return !endian_is_little() && !endian_is_big();
}

#else // !C++20

#if !MPT_COMPILER_GENERIC

#if MPT_COMPILER_MSVC
	#define MPT_PLATFORM_LITTLE_ENDIAN
#elif MPT_COMPILER_GCC || MPT_COMPILER_CLANG
	#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
		#define MPT_PLATFORM_BIG_ENDIAN
	#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
		#define MPT_PLATFORM_LITTLE_ENDIAN
	#endif
#endif

// fallback:
#if !defined(MPT_PLATFORM_BIG_ENDIAN) && !defined(MPT_PLATFORM_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
	// taken from boost/detail/endian.hpp
	#if (defined(_BIG_ENDIAN) && !defined(_LITTLE_ENDIAN)) \
		|| (defined(__BIG_ENDIAN__) && !defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN__)) \
		|| (defined(_STLP_BIG_ENDIAN) && !defined(_STLP_LITTLE_ENDIAN))
			#define MPT_PLATFORM_BIG_ENDIAN
	#elif (defined(_LITTLE_ENDIAN) && !defined(_BIG_ENDIAN)) \
		|| (defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN__) && !defined(__BIG_ENDIAN__)) \
		|| (defined(_STLP_LITTLE_ENDIAN) && !defined(_STLP_BIG_ENDIAN))
			#define MPT_PLATFORM_LITTLE_ENDIAN
	#elif defined(__sparc) || defined(__sparc__) \
		|| defined(_POWER) || defined(__powerpc__) \
		|| defined(__ppc__) || defined(__hpux) || defined(__hppa) \
		|| defined(_MIPSEB) || defined(_POWER) \
		|| defined(__s390__)
			#define MPT_PLATFORM_BIG_ENDIAN
	#elif defined(__i386__) || defined(__alpha__) \
		|| defined(__ia64) || defined(__ia64__) \
		|| defined(_M_IX86) || defined(_M_IA64) \
		|| defined(_M_ALPHA) || defined(__amd64) \
		|| defined(__amd64__) || defined(_M_AMD64) \
		|| defined(__x86_64) || defined(__x86_64__) \
		|| defined(_M_X64) || defined(__bfin__)
			#define MPT_PLATFORM_LITTLE_ENDIAN
	#endif
#endif

#endif // !MPT_COMPILER_GENERIC

enum class endian
{
	little = 0x78563412u,
	big    = 0x12345678u,
	weird  = 1u,
#if MPT_COMPILER_GENERIC
	native = 0u,
#elif defined(MPT_PLATFORM_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
	native = little,
#elif defined(MPT_PLATFORM_BIG_ENDIAN)
	native = big,
#else
	native = 0u,
#endif
};

static_assert(mpt::endian::big != mpt::endian::little, "platform with all scalar types having size 1 is not supported");

namespace detail {

	MPT_FORCEINLINE mpt::endian endian_probe() noexcept
	{
		using endian_probe_type = uint32;
		static_assert(sizeof(endian_probe_type) == 4);
		constexpr endian_probe_type endian_probe_big    = 0x12345678u;
		constexpr endian_probe_type endian_probe_little = 0x78563412u;
		const std::array<std::byte, sizeof(endian_probe_type)> probe{ {mpt::as_byte(0x12), mpt::as_byte(0x34), mpt::as_byte(0x56), mpt::as_byte(0x78)} };
		const endian_probe_type test = mpt::bit_cast<endian_probe_type>(probe);
		mpt::endian result = mpt::endian::native;
		switch(test)
		{
			case endian_probe_big:
				result = mpt::endian::big;
				break;
			case endian_probe_little:
				result = mpt::endian::little;
				break;
			default:
				result = mpt::endian::weird;
				break;
		}
		return result;
	}

} // namespace detail

MPT_FORCEINLINE mpt::endian get_endian() noexcept
{
#if MPT_COMPILER_MSVC
#pragma warning(push)
#pragma warning(disable:6285) // false-positive: (<non-zero constant> || <non-zero constant>) is always a non-zero constant.
#endif // MPT_COMPILER_MSVC
	if constexpr((mpt::endian::native == mpt::endian::little) || (mpt::endian::native == mpt::endian::big))
	{
		return mpt::endian::native;
	} else
	{
		return detail::endian_probe();
	}
#if MPT_COMPILER_MSVC
#pragma warning(pop)
#endif // MPT_COMPILER_MSVC
}

MPT_FORCEINLINE bool endian_is_little() noexcept
{
	return get_endian() == mpt::endian::little;
}

MPT_FORCEINLINE bool endian_is_big() noexcept
{
	return get_endian() == mpt::endian::big;
}

MPT_FORCEINLINE bool endian_is_weird() noexcept
{
	return !endian_is_little() && !endian_is_big();
}

#endif // C++20



} // namespace mpt



struct BigEndian_tag
{
	static constexpr mpt::endian endian = mpt::endian::big;
};

struct LittleEndian_tag
{
	static constexpr mpt::endian endian = mpt::endian::little;
};



namespace mpt {

template <typename Tbyte>
inline void SwapBufferEndian(std::size_t elementSize, Tbyte * buffer, std::size_t elements)
{
	static_assert(sizeof(Tbyte) == 1);
	for(std::size_t element = 0; element < elements; ++element)
	{
		std::reverse(&buffer[0], &buffer[elementSize]);
		buffer += elementSize;
	}
}

} // namespace mpt



#define MPT_constexpr_bswap16(x) \
	( uint16(0) \
		| ((static_cast<uint16>(x) >> 8) & 0x00FFu) \
		| ((static_cast<uint16>(x) << 8) & 0xFF00u) \
	) \
/**/
#define MPT_constexpr_bswap32(x) \
	( uint32(0) \
		| ((static_cast<uint32>(x) & 0x000000FFu) << 24) \
		| ((static_cast<uint32>(x) & 0x0000FF00u) <<  8) \
		| ((static_cast<uint32>(x) & 0x00FF0000u) >>  8) \
		| ((static_cast<uint32>(x) & 0xFF000000u) >> 24) \
	) \
/**/
#define MPT_constexpr_bswap64(x) \
	( uint64(0) \
		| (((static_cast<uint64>(x) >>  0) & 0xffull) << 56) \
		| (((static_cast<uint64>(x) >>  8) & 0xffull) << 48) \
		| (((static_cast<uint64>(x) >> 16) & 0xffull) << 40) \
		| (((static_cast<uint64>(x) >> 24) & 0xffull) << 32) \
		| (((static_cast<uint64>(x) >> 32) & 0xffull) << 24) \
		| (((static_cast<uint64>(x) >> 40) & 0xffull) << 16) \
		| (((static_cast<uint64>(x) >> 48) & 0xffull) <<  8) \
		| (((static_cast<uint64>(x) >> 56) & 0xffull) <<  0) \
	) \
/**/

#if MPT_COMPILER_GCC
#define MPT_bswap16 __builtin_bswap16
#define MPT_bswap32 __builtin_bswap32
#define MPT_bswap64 __builtin_bswap64
#elif MPT_COMPILER_MSVC
#define MPT_bswap16 _byteswap_ushort
#define MPT_bswap32 _byteswap_ulong
#define MPT_bswap64 _byteswap_uint64
#endif

namespace mpt { namespace detail {
// catch system macros
#ifndef MPT_bswap16
#ifdef bswap16
MPT_FORCEINLINE uint16 mpt_bswap16(uint16 x) { return bswap16(x); }
#define MPT_bswap16 mpt::detail::mpt_bswap16
#endif
#endif
#ifndef MPT_bswap32
#ifdef bswap32
MPT_FORCEINLINE uint32 mpt_bswap32(uint32 x) { return bswap32(x); }
#define MPT_bswap32 mpt::detail::mpt_bswap32
#endif
#endif
#ifndef MPT_bswap64
#ifdef bswap64
MPT_FORCEINLINE uint64 mpt_bswap64(uint64 x) { return bswap64(x); }
#define MPT_bswap64 mpt::detail::mpt_bswap64
#endif
#endif
} } // namespace mpt::detail

// No intrinsics available
#ifndef MPT_bswap16
#define MPT_bswap16(x) MPT_constexpr_bswap16(x)
#endif
#ifndef MPT_bswap32
#define MPT_bswap32(x) MPT_constexpr_bswap32(x)
#endif
#ifndef MPT_bswap64
#define MPT_bswap64(x) MPT_constexpr_bswap64(x)
#endif



template <typename T, typename Tendian, std::size_t size>
MPT_CONSTEXPR17_FUN std::array<std::byte, size> EndianEncode(T val) noexcept
{
	static_assert(Tendian::endian == mpt::endian::little || Tendian::endian == mpt::endian::big);
	static_assert(std::numeric_limits<T>::is_integer);
	static_assert(!std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed);
	static_assert(sizeof(T) == size);
	using base_type = T;
	using unsigned_base_type = typename std::make_unsigned<base_type>::type;
	using endian_type = Tendian;
	unsigned_base_type uval = static_cast<unsigned_base_type>(val);
	std::array<std::byte, size> data{};
	if constexpr(endian_type::endian == mpt::endian::little)
	{
		for(std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(base_type); ++i)
		{
			data[i] = static_cast<std::byte>(static_cast<uint8>((uval >> (i*8)) & 0xffu));
		}
	} else
	{
		for(std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(base_type); ++i)
		{
			data[(sizeof(base_type)-1) - i] = static_cast<std::byte>(static_cast<uint8>((uval >> (i*8)) & 0xffu));
		}
	}
	return data;
}

template <typename T, typename Tendian, std::size_t size>
MPT_CONSTEXPR17_FUN T EndianDecode(std::array<std::byte, size> data) noexcept
{
	static_assert(Tendian::endian == mpt::endian::little || Tendian::endian == mpt::endian::big);
	static_assert(std::numeric_limits<T>::is_integer);
	static_assert(!std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed);
	static_assert(sizeof(T) == size);
	using base_type = T;
	using unsigned_base_type = typename std::make_unsigned<base_type>::type;
	using endian_type = Tendian;
	base_type val = base_type();
	unsigned_base_type uval = unsigned_base_type();
	if constexpr(endian_type::endian == mpt::endian::little)
	{
		for(std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(base_type); ++i)
		{
			uval |= static_cast<unsigned_base_type>(static_cast<uint8>(data[i])) << (i*8);
		}
	} else
	{
		for(std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(base_type); ++i)
		{
			uval |= static_cast<unsigned_base_type>(static_cast<uint8>(data[(sizeof(base_type)-1) - i])) << (i*8);
		}
	}
	val = static_cast<base_type>(uval);
	return val;
}


namespace mpt
{
namespace detail
{

MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN uint64 SwapBytes(uint64 value) noexcept { MPT_MAYBE_CONSTANT_IF(MPT_IS_CONSTANT_EVALUATED20()) { return MPT_constexpr_bswap64(value); } else { return MPT_bswap64(value); } }
MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN uint32 SwapBytes(uint32 value) noexcept { MPT_MAYBE_CONSTANT_IF(MPT_IS_CONSTANT_EVALUATED20()) { return MPT_constexpr_bswap32(value); } else { return MPT_bswap32(value); } }
MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN uint16 SwapBytes(uint16 value) noexcept { MPT_MAYBE_CONSTANT_IF(MPT_IS_CONSTANT_EVALUATED20()) { return MPT_constexpr_bswap16(value); } else { return MPT_bswap16(value); } }
MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN int64  SwapBytes(int64  value) noexcept { MPT_MAYBE_CONSTANT_IF(MPT_IS_CONSTANT_EVALUATED20()) { return MPT_constexpr_bswap64(value); } else { return MPT_bswap64(value); } }
MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN int32  SwapBytes(int32  value) noexcept { MPT_MAYBE_CONSTANT_IF(MPT_IS_CONSTANT_EVALUATED20()) { return MPT_constexpr_bswap32(value); } else { return MPT_bswap32(value); } }
MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN int16  SwapBytes(int16  value) noexcept { MPT_MAYBE_CONSTANT_IF(MPT_IS_CONSTANT_EVALUATED20()) { return MPT_constexpr_bswap16(value); } else { return MPT_bswap16(value); } }

// Do NOT remove these overloads, even if they seem useless.
// We do not want risking to extend 8bit integers to int and then
// endian-converting and casting back to int.
// Thus these overloads.
MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN uint8  SwapBytes(uint8  value) noexcept { return value; }
MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN int8   SwapBytes(int8   value) noexcept { return value; }
MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN char   SwapBytes(char   value) noexcept { return value; }

} // namespace detail
} // namespace mpt

#undef MPT_constexpr_bswap16
#undef MPT_constexpr_bswap32
#undef MPT_constexpr_bswap64

#undef MPT_bswap16
#undef MPT_bswap32
#undef MPT_bswap64


// 1.0f --> 0x3f800000u
MPT_FORCEINLINE uint32 EncodeIEEE754binary32(float32 f)
{
	if constexpr(mpt::float_traits<float32>::is_ieee754_binary32ne)
	{
		return mpt::bit_cast<uint32>(f);
	} else
	{
		int e = 0;
		float m = std::frexp(f, &e);
		if(e == 0 && std::fabs(m) == 0.0f)
		{
			uint32 expo = 0u;
			uint32 sign = std::signbit(m) ? 0x01u : 0x00u;
			uint32 mant = 0u;
			uint32 i = 0u;
			i |= (mant <<  0) & 0x007fffffu;
			i |= (expo << 23) & 0x7f800000u;
			i |= (sign << 31) & 0x80000000u;
			return i;
		} else
		{
			uint32 expo = e + 127 - 1;
			uint32 sign = std::signbit(m) ? 0x01u : 0x00u;
			uint32 mant = static_cast<uint32>(std::fabs(std::ldexp(m, 24)));
			uint32 i = 0u;
			i |= (mant <<  0) & 0x007fffffu;
			i |= (expo << 23) & 0x7f800000u;
			i |= (sign << 31) & 0x80000000u;
			return i;
		}
	}
}
MPT_FORCEINLINE uint64 EncodeIEEE754binary64(float64 f)
{
	if constexpr(mpt::float_traits<float64>::is_ieee754_binary64ne)
	{
		return mpt::bit_cast<uint64>(f);
	} else
	{
		int e = 0;
		double m = std::frexp(f, &e);
		if(e == 0 && std::fabs(m) == 0.0)
		{
			uint64 expo = 0u;
			uint64 sign = std::signbit(m) ? 0x01u : 0x00u;
			uint64 mant = 0u;
			uint64 i = 0u;
			i |= (mant <<  0) & 0x000fffffffffffffull;
			i |= (expo << 52) & 0x7ff0000000000000ull;
			i |= (sign << 63) & 0x8000000000000000ull;
			return i;
		} else
		{
			uint64 expo = e + 1023 - 1;
			uint64 sign = std::signbit(m) ? 0x01u : 0x00u;
			uint64 mant = static_cast<uint64>(std::fabs(std::ldexp(m, 53)));
			uint64 i = 0u;
			i |= (mant <<  0) & 0x000fffffffffffffull;
			i |= (expo << 52) & 0x7ff0000000000000ull;
			i |= (sign << 63) & 0x8000000000000000ull;
			return i;
		}
	}
}

// 0x3f800000u --> 1.0f
MPT_FORCEINLINE float32 DecodeIEEE754binary32(uint32 i)
{
	if constexpr(mpt::float_traits<float32>::is_ieee754_binary32ne)
	{
		return mpt::bit_cast<float32>(i);
	} else
	{
		uint32 mant = (i & 0x007fffffu) >>  0;
		uint32 expo = (i & 0x7f800000u) >> 23;
		uint32 sign = (i & 0x80000000u) >> 31;
		if(expo == 0)
		{
			float m = sign ? -static_cast<float>(mant) : static_cast<float>(mant);
			int e = static_cast<int>(expo) - 127 + 1 - 24;
			float f = std::ldexp(m, e);
			return static_cast<float32>(f);
		} else
		{
			mant |= 0x00800000u;
			float m = sign ? -static_cast<float>(mant) : static_cast<float>(mant);
			int e = static_cast<int>(expo) - 127 + 1 - 24;
			float f = std::ldexp(m, e);
			return static_cast<float32>(f);
		}
	}
}
MPT_FORCEINLINE float64 DecodeIEEE754binary64(uint64 i)
{
	if constexpr(mpt::float_traits<float64>::is_ieee754_binary64ne)
	{
		return mpt::bit_cast<float64>(i);
	} else
	{
		uint64 mant = (i & 0x000fffffffffffffull) >>  0;
		uint64 expo = (i & 0x7ff0000000000000ull) >> 52;
		uint64 sign = (i & 0x8000000000000000ull) >> 63;
		if(expo == 0)
		{
			double m = sign ? -static_cast<double>(mant) : static_cast<double>(mant);
			int e = static_cast<int>(expo) - 1023 + 1 - 53;
			double f = std::ldexp(m, e);
			return static_cast<float64>(f);
		} else
		{
			mant |= 0x0010000000000000ull;
			double m = sign ? -static_cast<double>(mant) : static_cast<double>(mant);
			int e = static_cast<int>(expo) - 1023 + 1 - 53;
			double f = std::ldexp(m, e);
			return static_cast<float64>(f);
		}
	}
}


// template parameters are byte indices corresponding to the individual bytes of iee754 in memory
template<std::size_t hihi, std::size_t hilo, std::size_t lohi, std::size_t lolo>
struct IEEE754binary32Emulated
{
public:
	using self_t = IEEE754binary32Emulated<hihi,hilo,lohi,lolo>;
	std::byte bytes[4];
public:
	MPT_FORCEINLINE std::byte GetByte(std::size_t i) const
	{
		return bytes[i];
	}
	IEEE754binary32Emulated() = default;
	MPT_FORCEINLINE explicit IEEE754binary32Emulated(float32 f)
	{
		SetInt32(EncodeIEEE754binary32(f));
	}
	// b0...b3 are in memory order, i.e. depend on the endianness of this type
	// little endian: (0x00,0x00,0x80,0x3f)
	// big endian:    (0x3f,0x80,0x00,0x00)
	MPT_FORCEINLINE explicit IEEE754binary32Emulated(std::byte b0, std::byte b1, std::byte b2, std::byte b3)
	{
		bytes[0] = b0;
		bytes[1] = b1;
		bytes[2] = b2;
		bytes[3] = b3;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE operator float32 () const
	{
		return DecodeIEEE754binary32(GetInt32());
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE self_t & SetInt32(uint32 i)
	{
		bytes[hihi] = static_cast<std::byte>(i >> 24);
		bytes[hilo] = static_cast<std::byte>(i >> 16);
		bytes[lohi] = static_cast<std::byte>(i >>  8);
		bytes[lolo] = static_cast<std::byte>(i >>  0);
		return *this;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE uint32 GetInt32() const
	{
		return 0u
			| (static_cast<uint32>(bytes[hihi]) << 24)
			| (static_cast<uint32>(bytes[hilo]) << 16)
			| (static_cast<uint32>(bytes[lohi]) <<  8)
			| (static_cast<uint32>(bytes[lolo]) <<  0)
			;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE bool operator == (const self_t &cmp) const
	{
		return true
			&& bytes[0] == cmp.bytes[0]
			&& bytes[1] == cmp.bytes[1]
			&& bytes[2] == cmp.bytes[2]
			&& bytes[3] == cmp.bytes[3]
			;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE bool operator != (const self_t &cmp) const
	{
		return !(*this == cmp);
	}
};
template<std::size_t hihihi, std::size_t hihilo, std::size_t hilohi, std::size_t hilolo, std::size_t lohihi, std::size_t lohilo, std::size_t lolohi, std::size_t lololo>
struct IEEE754binary64Emulated
{
public:
	using self_t = IEEE754binary64Emulated<hihihi,hihilo,hilohi,hilolo,lohihi,lohilo,lolohi,lololo>;
	std::byte bytes[8];
public:
	MPT_FORCEINLINE std::byte GetByte(std::size_t i) const
	{
		return bytes[i];
	}
	IEEE754binary64Emulated() = default;
	MPT_FORCEINLINE explicit IEEE754binary64Emulated(float64 f)
	{
		SetInt64(EncodeIEEE754binary64(f));
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE explicit IEEE754binary64Emulated(std::byte b0, std::byte b1, std::byte b2, std::byte b3, std::byte b4, std::byte b5, std::byte b6, std::byte b7)
	{
		bytes[0] = b0;
		bytes[1] = b1;
		bytes[2] = b2;
		bytes[3] = b3;
		bytes[4] = b4;
		bytes[5] = b5;
		bytes[6] = b6;
		bytes[7] = b7;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE operator float64 () const
	{
		return DecodeIEEE754binary64(GetInt64());
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE self_t & SetInt64(uint64 i)
	{
		bytes[hihihi] = static_cast<std::byte>(i >> 56);
		bytes[hihilo] = static_cast<std::byte>(i >> 48);
		bytes[hilohi] = static_cast<std::byte>(i >> 40);
		bytes[hilolo] = static_cast<std::byte>(i >> 32);
		bytes[lohihi] = static_cast<std::byte>(i >> 24);
		bytes[lohilo] = static_cast<std::byte>(i >> 16);
		bytes[lolohi] = static_cast<std::byte>(i >>  8);
		bytes[lololo] = static_cast<std::byte>(i >>  0);
		return *this;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE uint64 GetInt64() const
	{
		return 0u
			| (static_cast<uint64>(bytes[hihihi]) << 56)
			| (static_cast<uint64>(bytes[hihilo]) << 48)
			| (static_cast<uint64>(bytes[hilohi]) << 40)
			| (static_cast<uint64>(bytes[hilolo]) << 32)
			| (static_cast<uint64>(bytes[lohihi]) << 24)
			| (static_cast<uint64>(bytes[lohilo]) << 16)
			| (static_cast<uint64>(bytes[lolohi]) <<  8)
			| (static_cast<uint64>(bytes[lololo]) <<  0)
			;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE bool operator == (const self_t &cmp) const
	{
		return true
			&& bytes[0] == cmp.bytes[0]
			&& bytes[1] == cmp.bytes[1]
			&& bytes[2] == cmp.bytes[2]
			&& bytes[3] == cmp.bytes[3]
			&& bytes[4] == cmp.bytes[4]
			&& bytes[5] == cmp.bytes[5]
			&& bytes[6] == cmp.bytes[6]
			&& bytes[7] == cmp.bytes[7]
			;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE bool operator != (const self_t &cmp) const
	{
		return !(*this == cmp);
	}
};

using IEEE754binary32EmulatedBE = IEEE754binary32Emulated<0,1,2,3>;
using IEEE754binary32EmulatedLE = IEEE754binary32Emulated<3,2,1,0>;
using IEEE754binary64EmulatedBE = IEEE754binary64Emulated<0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7>;
using IEEE754binary64EmulatedLE = IEEE754binary64Emulated<7,6,5,4,3,2,1,0>;

MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(IEEE754binary32EmulatedBE, 4)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(IEEE754binary32EmulatedLE, 4)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(IEEE754binary64EmulatedBE, 8)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(IEEE754binary64EmulatedLE, 8)

template <mpt::endian endian = mpt::endian::native>
struct IEEE754binary32Native
{
public:
	float32 value;
public:
	MPT_FORCEINLINE std::byte GetByte(std::size_t i) const
	{
		static_assert(endian == mpt::endian::little || endian == mpt::endian::big);
		if constexpr(endian == mpt::endian::little)
		{
			return static_cast<std::byte>(EncodeIEEE754binary32(value) >> (i*8));
		}
		if constexpr(endian == mpt::endian::big)
		{
			return static_cast<std::byte>(EncodeIEEE754binary32(value) >> ((4-1-i)*8));
		}
	}
	IEEE754binary32Native() = default;
	MPT_FORCEINLINE explicit IEEE754binary32Native(float32 f)
	{
		value = f;
	}
	// b0...b3 are in memory order, i.e. depend on the endianness of this type
	// little endian: (0x00,0x00,0x80,0x3f)
	// big endian:    (0x3f,0x80,0x00,0x00)
	MPT_FORCEINLINE explicit IEEE754binary32Native(std::byte b0, std::byte b1, std::byte b2, std::byte b3)
	{
		static_assert(endian == mpt::endian::little || endian == mpt::endian::big);
		if constexpr(endian == mpt::endian::little)
		{
			value = DecodeIEEE754binary32(0u
				| (static_cast<uint32>(b0) <<  0)
				| (static_cast<uint32>(b1) <<  8)
				| (static_cast<uint32>(b2) << 16)
				| (static_cast<uint32>(b3) << 24)
				);
		}
		if constexpr(endian == mpt::endian::big)
		{
			value = DecodeIEEE754binary32(0u
				| (static_cast<uint32>(b0) << 24)
				| (static_cast<uint32>(b1) << 16)
				| (static_cast<uint32>(b2) <<  8)
				| (static_cast<uint32>(b3) <<  0)
				);
		}
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE operator float32 () const
	{
		return value;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE IEEE754binary32Native & SetInt32(uint32 i)
	{
		value = DecodeIEEE754binary32(i);
		return *this;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE uint32 GetInt32() const
	{
		return EncodeIEEE754binary32(value);
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE bool operator == (const IEEE754binary32Native &cmp) const
	{
		return value == cmp.value;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE bool operator != (const IEEE754binary32Native &cmp) const
	{
		return value != cmp.value;
	}
};

template <mpt::endian endian = mpt::endian::native>
struct IEEE754binary64Native
{
public:
	float64 value;
public:
	MPT_FORCEINLINE std::byte GetByte(std::size_t i) const
	{
		static_assert(endian == mpt::endian::little || endian == mpt::endian::big);
		if constexpr(endian == mpt::endian::little)
		{
			return mpt::byte_cast<std::byte>(static_cast<uint8>(EncodeIEEE754binary64(value) >> (i*8)));
		}
		if constexpr(endian == mpt::endian::big)
		{
			return mpt::byte_cast<std::byte>(static_cast<uint8>(EncodeIEEE754binary64(value) >> ((8-1-i)*8)));
		}
	}
	IEEE754binary64Native() = default;
	MPT_FORCEINLINE explicit IEEE754binary64Native(float64 f)
	{
		value = f;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE explicit IEEE754binary64Native(std::byte b0, std::byte b1, std::byte b2, std::byte b3, std::byte b4, std::byte b5, std::byte b6, std::byte b7)
	{
		static_assert(endian == mpt::endian::little || endian == mpt::endian::big);
		if constexpr(endian == mpt::endian::little)
		{
			value = DecodeIEEE754binary64(0ull
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b0) <<  0)
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b1) <<  8)
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b2) << 16)
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b3) << 24)
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b4) << 32)
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b5) << 40)
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b6) << 48)
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b7) << 56)
				);
		}
		if constexpr(endian == mpt::endian::big)
		{
			value = DecodeIEEE754binary64(0ull
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b0) << 56)
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b1) << 48)
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b2) << 40)
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b3) << 32)
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b4) << 24)
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b5) << 16)
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b6) <<  8)
				| (static_cast<uint64>(b7) <<  0)
				);
		}
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE operator float64 () const
	{
		return value;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE IEEE754binary64Native & SetInt64(uint64 i)
	{
		value = DecodeIEEE754binary64(i);
		return *this;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE uint64 GetInt64() const
	{
		return EncodeIEEE754binary64(value);
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE bool operator == (const IEEE754binary64Native &cmp) const
	{
		return value == cmp.value;
	}
	MPT_FORCEINLINE bool operator != (const IEEE754binary64Native &cmp) const
	{
		return value != cmp.value;
	}
};

static_assert((sizeof(IEEE754binary32Native<>) == 4));
static_assert((sizeof(IEEE754binary64Native<>) == 8));

namespace mpt {
template <> struct is_binary_safe< IEEE754binary32Native<> > : public std::true_type { };
template <> struct is_binary_safe< IEEE754binary64Native<> > : public std::true_type { };
}

template <bool is_ieee754, mpt::endian endian = mpt::endian::native> struct IEEE754binary_types {
	using IEEE754binary32LE = IEEE754binary32EmulatedLE;
	using IEEE754binary32BE = IEEE754binary32EmulatedBE;
	using IEEE754binary64LE = IEEE754binary64EmulatedLE;
	using IEEE754binary64BE = IEEE754binary64EmulatedBE;
};
template <> struct IEEE754binary_types<true, mpt::endian::little> {
	using IEEE754binary32LE = IEEE754binary32Native<>;
	using IEEE754binary32BE = IEEE754binary32EmulatedBE;
	using IEEE754binary64LE = IEEE754binary64Native<>;
	using IEEE754binary64BE = IEEE754binary64EmulatedBE;
};
template <> struct IEEE754binary_types<true, mpt::endian::big> {
	using IEEE754binary32LE = IEEE754binary32EmulatedLE;
	using IEEE754binary32BE = IEEE754binary32Native<>;
	using IEEE754binary64LE = IEEE754binary64EmulatedLE;
	using IEEE754binary64BE = IEEE754binary64Native<>;
};

using IEEE754binary32LE = IEEE754binary_types<mpt::float_traits<float32>::is_ieee754_binary32ne, mpt::endian::native>::IEEE754binary32LE;
using IEEE754binary32BE = IEEE754binary_types<mpt::float_traits<float32>::is_ieee754_binary32ne, mpt::endian::native>::IEEE754binary32BE;
using IEEE754binary64LE = IEEE754binary_types<mpt::float_traits<float64>::is_ieee754_binary64ne, mpt::endian::native>::IEEE754binary64LE;
using IEEE754binary64BE = IEEE754binary_types<mpt::float_traits<float64>::is_ieee754_binary64ne, mpt::endian::native>::IEEE754binary64BE;

static_assert(sizeof(IEEE754binary32LE) == 4);
static_assert(sizeof(IEEE754binary32BE) == 4);
static_assert(sizeof(IEEE754binary64LE) == 8);
static_assert(sizeof(IEEE754binary64BE) == 8);


// unaligned

using float32le = IEEE754binary32EmulatedLE;
using float32be = IEEE754binary32EmulatedBE;
using float64le = IEEE754binary64EmulatedLE;
using float64be = IEEE754binary64EmulatedBE;

static_assert(sizeof(float32le) == 4);
static_assert(sizeof(float32be) == 4);
static_assert(sizeof(float64le) == 8);
static_assert(sizeof(float64be) == 8);


// potentially aligned

using float32le_fast = IEEE754binary32LE;
using float32be_fast = IEEE754binary32BE;
using float64le_fast = IEEE754binary64LE;
using float64be_fast = IEEE754binary64BE;

static_assert(sizeof(float32le_fast) == 4);
static_assert(sizeof(float32be_fast) == 4);
static_assert(sizeof(float64le_fast) == 8);
static_assert(sizeof(float64be_fast) == 8);



// On-disk integer types with defined endianness and no alignemnt requirements
// Note: To easily debug module loaders (and anything else that uses this
// wrapper struct), you can use the Debugger Visualizers available in
// build/vs/debug/ to conveniently view the wrapped contents.

template<typename T, typename Tendian>
struct packed
{
public:
	using base_type = T;
	using endian_type = Tendian;
public:
	std::array<std::byte, sizeof(base_type)> data;
public:
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN void set(base_type val) noexcept
	{
		static_assert(std::numeric_limits<T>::is_integer);
		MPT_MAYBE_CONSTANT_IF(MPT_IS_CONSTANT_EVALUATED20())
		{
			if constexpr(endian_type::endian == mpt::endian::big)
			{
				typename std::make_unsigned<base_type>::type uval = val;
				for(std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(base_type); ++i)
				{
					data[i] = static_cast<std::byte>((uval >> (8*(sizeof(base_type)-1-i))) & 0xffu);
				}
			} else
			{
				typename std::make_unsigned<base_type>::type uval = val;
				for(std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(base_type); ++i)
				{
					data[i] = static_cast<std::byte>((uval >> (8*i)) & 0xffu);
				}
			}
		} else
		{
			if constexpr(mpt::endian::native == mpt::endian::little || mpt::endian::native == mpt::endian::big)
			{
				if constexpr(mpt::endian::native != endian_type::endian)
				{
					val = mpt::detail::SwapBytes(val);
				}
				std::memcpy(data.data(), &val, sizeof(val));
			} else
			{
				using unsigned_base_type = typename std::make_unsigned<base_type>::type;
				data = EndianEncode<unsigned_base_type, Tendian, sizeof(T)>(val);
			}
		}
	}
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN base_type get() const noexcept
	{
		static_assert(std::numeric_limits<T>::is_integer);
		MPT_MAYBE_CONSTANT_IF(MPT_IS_CONSTANT_EVALUATED20())
		{
			if constexpr(endian_type::endian == mpt::endian::big)
			{
				typename std::make_unsigned<base_type>::type uval = 0;
				for(std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(base_type); ++i)
				{
					uval |= static_cast<typename std::make_unsigned<base_type>::type>(data[i]) << (8*(sizeof(base_type)-1-i));
				}
				return static_cast<base_type>(uval);
			} else
			{
				typename std::make_unsigned<base_type>::type uval = 0;
				for(std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(base_type); ++i)
				{
					uval |= static_cast<typename std::make_unsigned<base_type>::type>(data[i]) << (8*i);
				}
				return static_cast<base_type>(uval);
			}
		} else
		{
			if constexpr(mpt::endian::native == mpt::endian::little || mpt::endian::native == mpt::endian::big)
			{
				base_type val = base_type();
				std::memcpy(&val, data.data(), sizeof(val));
				if constexpr(mpt::endian::native != endian_type::endian)
				{
					val = mpt::detail::SwapBytes(val);
				}
				return val;
			} else
			{
				using unsigned_base_type = typename std::make_unsigned<base_type>::type;
				return EndianDecode<unsigned_base_type, Tendian, sizeof(T)>(data);
			}
		}
	}
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN packed & operator = (const base_type & val) noexcept { set(val); return *this; }
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN operator base_type () const noexcept { return get(); }
public:
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN packed & operator &= (base_type val) noexcept { set(get() & val); return *this; }
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN packed & operator |= (base_type val) noexcept { set(get() | val); return *this; }
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN packed & operator ^= (base_type val) noexcept { set(get() ^ val); return *this; }
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN packed & operator += (base_type val) noexcept { set(get() + val); return *this; }
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN packed & operator -= (base_type val) noexcept { set(get() - val); return *this; }
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN packed & operator *= (base_type val) noexcept { set(get() * val); return *this; }
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN packed & operator /= (base_type val) noexcept { set(get() / val); return *this; }
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN packed & operator %= (base_type val) noexcept { set(get() % val); return *this; }
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN packed & operator ++ () noexcept { set(get() + 1); return *this; } // prefix
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN packed & operator -- () noexcept { set(get() - 1); return *this; } // prefix
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN base_type operator ++ (int) noexcept { base_type old = get(); set(old + 1); return old; } // postfix
	MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN base_type operator -- (int) noexcept { base_type old = get(); set(old - 1); return old; } // postfix
};

using int64le  = packed< int64, LittleEndian_tag>;
using int32le  = packed< int32, LittleEndian_tag>;
using int16le  = packed< int16, LittleEndian_tag>;
using int8le   = packed< int8 , LittleEndian_tag>;
using uint64le = packed<uint64, LittleEndian_tag>;
using uint32le = packed<uint32, LittleEndian_tag>;
using uint16le = packed<uint16, LittleEndian_tag>;
using uint8le  = packed<uint8 , LittleEndian_tag>;

using int64be  = packed< int64, BigEndian_tag>;
using int32be  = packed< int32, BigEndian_tag>;
using int16be  = packed< int16, BigEndian_tag>;
using int8be   = packed< int8 , BigEndian_tag>;
using uint64be = packed<uint64, BigEndian_tag>;
using uint32be = packed<uint32, BigEndian_tag>;
using uint16be = packed<uint16, BigEndian_tag>;
using uint8be  = packed<uint8 , BigEndian_tag>;

namespace mpt {
template <typename T, typename Tendian> struct limits<packed<T, Tendian>> : mpt::limits<T> {};
} // namespace mpt

MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(int64le, 8)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(int32le, 4)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(int16le, 2)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(int8le , 1)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(uint64le, 8)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(uint32le, 4)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(uint16le, 2)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(uint8le , 1)

MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(int64be, 8)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(int32be, 4)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(int16be, 2)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(int8be , 1)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(uint64be, 8)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(uint32be, 4)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(uint16be, 2)
MPT_BINARY_STRUCT(uint8be , 1)

namespace mpt {

template <typename T> struct make_le { using type = packed<typename std::remove_const<T>::type, LittleEndian_tag>; };
template <typename T> struct make_be { using type = packed<typename std::remove_const<T>::type, BigEndian_tag>; };

template <typename T>
MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN auto as_le(T v) noexcept -> typename mpt::make_le<typename std::remove_const<T>::type>::type
{
	typename mpt::make_le<typename std::remove_const<T>::type>::type res{};
	res = v;
	return res;
}
template <typename T>
MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN auto as_be(T v) noexcept -> typename mpt::make_be<typename std::remove_const<T>::type>::type
{
	typename mpt::make_be<typename std::remove_const<T>::type>::type res{};
	res = v;
	return res;
}

template <typename Tpacked>
MPT_CONSTEXPR20_FUN Tpacked as_endian(typename Tpacked::base_type v) noexcept
{
	Tpacked res{};
	res = v;
	return res;
}

} // namespace mpt



// 24-bit integer wrapper (for 24-bit PCM)
struct int24
{
	uint8 bytes[3];
	int24() noexcept
	{
		bytes[0] = bytes[1] = bytes[2] = 0;
	}
	explicit int24(int other) noexcept
	{
		MPT_MAYBE_CONSTANT_IF(mpt::endian_is_big())
		{
			bytes[0] = (static_cast<unsigned int>(other)>>16)&0xff;
			bytes[1] = (static_cast<unsigned int>(other)>> 8)&0xff;
			bytes[2] = (static_cast<unsigned int>(other)>> 0)&0xff;
		} else
		{
			bytes[0] = (static_cast<unsigned int>(other)>> 0)&0xff;
			bytes[1] = (static_cast<unsigned int>(other)>> 8)&0xff;
			bytes[2] = (static_cast<unsigned int>(other)>>16)&0xff;
		}
	}
	operator int() const noexcept
	{
		MPT_MAYBE_CONSTANT_IF(mpt::endian_is_big())
		{
			return (static_cast<int8>(bytes[0]) * 65536) + (bytes[1] * 256) + bytes[2];
		} else
		{
			return (static_cast<int8>(bytes[2]) * 65536) + (bytes[1] * 256) + bytes[0];
		}
	}
};
static_assert(sizeof(int24) == 3);
static constexpr int32 int24_min = (0 - 0x00800000);
static constexpr int32 int24_max = (0 + 0x007fffff);



OPENMPT_NAMESPACE_END