Add password challenge to 2FA settings, e-mail notifications (#11878)

Fix #3961

app/controllers/admin/two_factor_authentications_controller.rb

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ module Admin
       authorize @user, :disable_2fa?
       @user.disable_two_factor!
       log_action :disable_2fa, @user
+      UserMailer.two_factor_disabled(@user).deliver_later!
       redirect_to admin_accounts_path
     end
 

app/controllers/auth/challenges_controller.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class Auth::ChallengesController < ApplicationController
+  include ChallengableConcern
+
+  layout 'auth'
+
+  before_action :authenticate_user!
+
+  skip_before_action :require_functional!
+
+  def create
+    if challenge_passed?
+      session[:challenge_passed_at] = Time.now.utc
+      redirect_to challenge_params[:return_to]
+    else
+      @challenge = Form::Challenge.new(return_to: challenge_params[:return_to])
+      flash.now[:alert] = I18n.t('challenge.invalid_password')
+      render_challenge
+    end
+  end
+end

app/controllers/auth/sessions_controller.rb

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ class Auth::SessionsController < Devise::SessionsController
   def destroy
     tmp_stored_location = stored_location_for(:user)
     super
+    session.delete(:challenge_passed_at)
     flash.delete(:notice)
     store_location_for(:user, tmp_stored_location) if continue_after?
   end

app/controllers/concerns/challengable_concern.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# This concern is inspired by "sudo mode" on GitHub. It
+# is a way to re-authenticate a user before allowing them
+# to see or perform an action.
+#
+# Add `before_action :require_challenge!` to actions you
+# want to protect.
+#
+# The user will be shown a page to enter the challenge (which
+# is either the password, or just the username when no
+# password exists). Upon passing, there is a grace period
+# during which no challenge will be asked from the user.
+#
+# Accessing challenge-protected resources during the grace
+# period will refresh the grace period.
+module ChallengableConcern
+  extend ActiveSupport::Concern
+
+  CHALLENGE_TIMEOUT = 1.hour.freeze
+
+  def require_challenge!
+    return if skip_challenge?
+
+    if challenge_passed_recently?
+      session[:challenge_passed_at] = Time.now.utc
+      return
+    end
+
+    @challenge = Form::Challenge.new(return_to: request.url)
+
+    if params.key?(:form_challenge)
+      if challenge_passed?
+        session[:challenge_passed_at] = Time.now.utc
+        return
+      else
+        flash.now[:alert] = I18n.t('challenge.invalid_password')
+        render_challenge
+      end
+    else
+      render_challenge
+    end
+  end
+
+  def render_challenge
+    @body_classes = 'lighter'
+    render template: 'auth/challenges/new', layout: 'auth'
+  end
+
+  def challenge_passed?
+    current_user.valid_password?(challenge_params[:current_password])
+  end
+
+  def skip_challenge?
+    current_user.encrypted_password.blank?
+  end
+
+  def challenge_passed_recently?
+    session[:challenge_passed_at].present? && session[:challenge_passed_at] >= CHALLENGE_TIMEOUT.ago
+  end
+
+  def challenge_params
+    params.require(:form_challenge).permit(:current_password, :return_to)
+  end
+end

app/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication/confirmations_controller.rb

@@ -3,9 +3,12 @@
 module Settings
   module TwoFactorAuthentication
     class ConfirmationsController < BaseController
+      include ChallengableConcern
+
       layout 'admin'
 
       before_action :authenticate_user!
+      before_action :require_challenge!
       before_action :ensure_otp_secret
 
       skip_before_action :require_functional!
@@ -22,6 +25,8 @@ module Settings
           @recovery_codes = current_user.generate_otp_backup_codes!
           current_user.save!
 
+          UserMailer.two_factor_enabled(current_user).deliver_later!
+
           render 'settings/two_factor_authentication/recovery_codes/index'
         else
           flash.now[:alert] = I18n.t('two_factor_authentication.wrong_code')

app/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication/recovery_codes_controller.rb

@@ -3,16 +3,22 @@
 module Settings
   module TwoFactorAuthentication
     class RecoveryCodesController < BaseController
+      include ChallengableConcern
+
       layout 'admin'
 
       before_action :authenticate_user!
+      before_action :require_challenge!, on: :create
 
       skip_before_action :require_functional!
 
       def create
         @recovery_codes = current_user.generate_otp_backup_codes!
         current_user.save!
+
+        UserMailer.two_factor_recovery_codes_changed(current_user).deliver_later!
         flash.now[:notice] = I18n.t('two_factor_authentication.recovery_codes_regenerated')
+
         render :index
       end
     end

app/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentications_controller.rb

@@ -2,10 +2,13 @@
 
 module Settings
   class TwoFactorAuthenticationsController < BaseController
+    include ChallengableConcern
+
     layout 'admin'
 
     before_action :authenticate_user!
     before_action :verify_otp_required, only: [:create]
+    before_action :require_challenge!, only: [:create]
 
     skip_before_action :require_functional!
 
@@ -23,6 +26,7 @@ module Settings
       if acceptable_code?
         current_user.otp_required_for_login = false
         current_user.save!
+        UserMailer.two_factor_disabled(current_user).deliver_later!
         redirect_to settings_two_factor_authentication_path
       else
         flash.now[:alert] = I18n.t('two_factor_authentication.wrong_code')

app/javascript/styles/mastodon/admin.scss

@@ -233,6 +233,8 @@ hr.spacer {
   height: 1px;
 }
 
+body,
+.admin-wrapper .content {
   .muted-hint {
     color: $darker-text-color;
 
@@ -260,6 +262,7 @@ hr.spacer {
     color: $gold-star;
     font-weight: 500;
   }
+}
 
 .filters {
   display: flex;

app/javascript/styles/mastodon/forms.scss

@@ -254,6 +254,10 @@ code {
       &-6 {
         max-width: 50%;
       }
+
+      .actions {
+        margin-top: 27px;
+      }
     }
 
     .fields-group:last-child,

app/mailers/user_mailer.rb

@@ -57,6 +57,39 @@ class UserMailer < Devise::Mailer
     end
   end
 
+  def two_factor_enabled(user, **)
+    @resource = user
+    @instance = Rails.configuration.x.local_domain
+
+    return if @resource.disabled?
+
+    I18n.with_locale(@resource.locale || I18n.default_locale) do
+      mail to: @resource.email, subject: I18n.t('devise.mailer.two_factor_enabled.subject')
+    end
+  end
+
+  def two_factor_disabled(user, **)
+    @resource = user
+    @instance = Rails.configuration.x.local_domain
+
+    return if @resource.disabled?
+
+    I18n.with_locale(@resource.locale || I18n.default_locale) do
+      mail to: @resource.email, subject: I18n.t('devise.mailer.two_factor_disabled.subject')
+    end
+  end
+
+  def two_factor_recovery_codes_changed(user, **)
+    @resource = user
+    @instance = Rails.configuration.x.local_domain
+
+    return if @resource.disabled?
+
+    I18n.with_locale(@resource.locale || I18n.default_locale) do
+      mail to: @resource.email, subject: I18n.t('devise.mailer.two_factor_recovery_codes_changed.subject')
+    end
+  end
+
   def welcome(user)
     @resource = user
     @instance = Rails.configuration.x.local_domain

app/models/form/challenge.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class Form::Challenge
+  include ActiveModel::Model
+
+  attr_accessor :current_password, :current_username,
+                :return_to
+end

app/models/user.rb

@@ -264,17 +264,20 @@ class User < ApplicationRecord
   end
 
   def password_required?
-    return false if Devise.pam_authentication || Devise.ldap_authentication
+    return false if external?
+
     super
   end
 
   def send_reset_password_instructions
-    return false if encrypted_password.blank? && (Devise.pam_authentication || Devise.ldap_authentication)
+    return false if encrypted_password.blank?
+
     super
   end
 
   def reset_password!(new_password, new_password_confirmation)
-    return false if encrypted_password.blank? && (Devise.pam_authentication || Devise.ldap_authentication)
+    return false if encrypted_password.blank?
+
     super
   end
 

app/views/auth/challenges/new.html.haml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+- content_for :page_title do
+  = t('challenge.prompt')
+
+= simple_form_for @challenge, url: request.get? ? auth_challenge_path : '' do |f|
+  = f.input :return_to, as: :hidden
+
+  .field-group
+    = f.input :current_password, wrapper: :with_block_label, input_html: { :autocomplete => 'off', :autofocus => true }, label: t('challenge.prompt'), required: true
+
+  .actions
+    = f.button :button, t('challenge.confirm'), type: :submit
+
+  %p.hint.subtle-hint= t('challenge.hint_html')
+
+.form-footer= render 'auth/shared/links'

app/views/auth/shared/_links.html.haml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
     - if controller_name != 'passwords' && controller_name != 'registrations'
       %li= link_to t('auth.forgot_password'), new_user_password_path
 
-  - if controller_name != 'confirmations'
+  - if controller_name != 'confirmations' && (!user_signed_in? || !current_user.confirmed? || current_user.unconfirmed_email.present?)
     %li= link_to t('auth.didnt_get_confirmation'), new_user_confirmation_path
 
   - if user_signed_in? && controller_name != 'setup'

app/views/settings/two_factor_authentications/show.html.haml

@@ -2,33 +2,35 @@
   = t('settings.two_factor_authentication')
 
 - if current_user.otp_required_for_login
-  %p.positive-hint
+  %p.hint
+    %span.positive-hint
       = fa_icon 'check'
       = ' '
       = t 'two_factor_authentication.enabled'
 
-  %hr/
+  %hr.spacer/
 
   = simple_form_for @confirmation, url: settings_two_factor_authentication_path, method: :delete do |f|
-    = f.input :otp_attempt, wrapper: :with_label, hint: t('two_factor_authentication.code_hint'), label: t('simple_form.labels.defaults.otp_attempt'), input_html: { :autocomplete => 'off' }, required: true
+    .fields-group
+      = f.input :otp_attempt, wrapper: :with_block_label, hint: t('two_factor_authentication.code_hint'), label: t('simple_form.labels.defaults.otp_attempt'), input_html: { :autocomplete => 'off' }, required: true
 
     .actions
-      = f.button :button, t('two_factor_authentication.disable'), type: :submit
+      = f.button :button, t('two_factor_authentication.disable'), type: :submit, class: 'negative'
 
-  %hr/
+  %hr.spacer/
 
-  %h6= t('two_factor_authentication.recovery_codes')
-  %p.muted-hint
-    = t('two_factor_authentication.lost_recovery_codes')
-    = link_to t('two_factor_authentication.generate_recovery_codes'),
-      settings_two_factor_authentication_recovery_codes_path,
-      data: { method: :post }
+  %h3= t('two_factor_authentication.recovery_codes')
+  %p.muted-hint= t('two_factor_authentication.lost_recovery_codes')
+
+  %hr.spacer/
+
+  .simple_form
+    = link_to t('two_factor_authentication.generate_recovery_codes'), settings_two_factor_authentication_recovery_codes_path, data: { method: :post }, class: 'block-button'
 
 - else
   .simple_form
     %p.hint= t('two_factor_authentication.description_html')
 
-    = link_to t('two_factor_authentication.setup'),
-      settings_two_factor_authentication_path,
-      data: { method: :post },
-      class: 'block-button'
+    %hr.spacer/
+
+    = link_to t('two_factor_authentication.setup'), settings_two_factor_authentication_path, data: { method: :post }, class: 'block-button'

app/views/user_mailer/two_factor_disabled.html.haml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+%table.email-table{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+  %tbody
+    %tr
+      %td.email-body
+        .email-container
+          %table.content-section{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+            %tbody
+              %tr
+                %td.content-cell.hero
+                  .email-row
+                    .col-6
+                      %table.column{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+                        %tbody
+                          %tr
+                            %td.column-cell.text-center.padded
+                              %table.hero-icon.alert-icon{ align: 'center', cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+                                %tbody
+                                  %tr
+                                    %td
+                                      = image_tag full_pack_url('media/images/mailer/icon_lock_open.png'), alt: ''
+
+                              %h1= t 'devise.mailer.two_factor_disabled.title'
+                              %p.lead= t 'devise.mailer.two_factor_disabled.explanation'
+
+%table.email-table{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+  %tbody
+    %tr
+      %td.email-body
+        .email-container
+          %table.content-section{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+            %tbody
+              %tr
+                %td.content-cell.content-start
+                  %table.column{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+                    %tbody
+                      %tr
+                        %td.column-cell.button-cell
+                          %table.button{ align: 'center', cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+                            %tbody
+                              %tr
+                                %td.button-primary
+                                  = link_to edit_user_registration_url do
+                                    %span= t('settings.account_settings')

app/views/user_mailer/two_factor_disabled.text.erb

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<%= t 'devise.mailer.two_factor_disabled.title' %>
+
+===
+
+<%= t 'devise.mailer.two_factor_disabled.explanation' %>
+
+=> <%= edit_user_registration_url %>

app/views/user_mailer/two_factor_enabled.html.haml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+%table.email-table{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+  %tbody
+    %tr
+      %td.email-body
+        .email-container
+          %table.content-section{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+            %tbody
+              %tr
+                %td.content-cell.hero
+                  .email-row
+                    .col-6
+                      %table.column{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+                        %tbody
+                          %tr
+                            %td.column-cell.text-center.padded
+                              %table.hero-icon{ align: 'center', cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+                                %tbody
+                                  %tr
+                                    %td
+                                      = image_tag full_pack_url('media/images/mailer/icon_lock_open.png'), alt: ''
+
+                              %h1= t 'devise.mailer.two_factor_enabled.title'
+                              %p.lead= t 'devise.mailer.two_factor_enabled.explanation'
+
+%table.email-table{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+  %tbody
+    %tr
+      %td.email-body
+        .email-container
+          %table.content-section{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+            %tbody
+              %tr
+                %td.content-cell.content-start
+                  %table.column{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+                    %tbody
+                      %tr
+                        %td.column-cell.button-cell
+                          %table.button{ align: 'center', cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+                            %tbody
+                              %tr
+                                %td.button-primary
+                                  = link_to edit_user_registration_url do
+                                    %span= t('settings.account_settings')

app/views/user_mailer/two_factor_enabled.text.erb

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<%= t 'devise.mailer.two_factor_enabled.title' %>
+
+===
+
+<%= t 'devise.mailer.two_factor_enabled.explanation' %>
+
+=> <%= edit_user_registration_url %>

app/views/user_mailer/two_factor_recovery_codes_changed.html.haml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+%table.email-table{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+  %tbody
+    %tr
+      %td.email-body
+        .email-container
+          %table.content-section{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+            %tbody
+              %tr
+                %td.content-cell.hero
+                  .email-row
+                    .col-6
+                      %table.column{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+                        %tbody
+                          %tr
+                            %td.column-cell.text-center.padded
+                              %table.hero-icon.alert-icon{ align: 'center', cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+                                %tbody
+                                  %tr
+                                    %td
+                                      = image_tag full_pack_url('media/images/mailer/icon_lock_open.png'), alt: ''
+
+                              %h1= t 'devise.mailer.two_factor_recovery_codes_changed.title'
+                              %p.lead= t 'devise.mailer.two_factor_recovery_codes_changed.explanation'
+
+%table.email-table{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+  %tbody
+    %tr
+      %td.email-body
+        .email-container
+          %table.content-section{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+            %tbody
+              %tr
+                %td.content-cell.content-start
+                  %table.column{ cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+                    %tbody
+                      %tr
+                        %td.column-cell.button-cell
+                          %table.button{ align: 'center', cellspacing: 0, cellpadding: 0 }
+                            %tbody
+                              %tr
+                                %td.button-primary
+                                  = link_to edit_user_registration_url do
+                                    %span= t('settings.account_settings')

app/views/user_mailer/two_factor_recovery_codes_changed.text.erb

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<%= t 'devise.mailer.two_factor_recovery_codes_changed.title' %>
+
+===
+
+<%= t 'devise.mailer.two_factor_recovery_codes_changed.explanation' %>
+
+=> <%= edit_user_registration_url %>

config/locales/devise.en.yml

@@ -46,6 +46,18 @@ en:
         extra: If you didn't request this, please ignore this email. Your password won't change until you access the link above and create a new one.
         subject: 'Mastodon: Reset password instructions'
         title: Password reset
+      two_factor_disabled:
+        explanation: Two-factor authentication for your account has been disabled. Login is now possible using only e-mail address and password.
+        subject: 'Mastodon: Two-factor authentication disabled'
+        title: 2FA disabled
+      two_factor_enabled:
+        explanation: Two-factor authentication has been enabled for your account. A token generated by the paired TOTP app will be required for login.
+        subject: 'Mastodon: Two-factor authentication enabled'
+        title: 2FA enabled
+      two_factor_recovery_codes_changed:
+        explanation: The previous recovery codes have been invalidated and new ones generated.
+        subject: 'Mastodon: Two-factor recovery codes re-generated'
+        title: 2FA recovery codes changed
       unlock_instructions:
         subject: 'Mastodon: Unlock instructions'
     omniauth_callbacks:

config/locales/en.yml

@@ -621,6 +621,11 @@ en:
       return: Show the user's profile
       web: Go to web
     title: Follow %{acct}
+  challenge:
+    confirm: Continue
+    hint_html: "<strong>Tip:</strong> We won't ask you for your password again for the next hour."
+    invalid_password: Invalid password
+    prompt: Confirm password to continue
   datetime:
     distance_in_words:
       about_x_hours: "%{count}h"

config/locales/simple_form.en.yml

@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@ en:
         domain: This domain will be able to fetch data from this server and incoming data from it will be processed and stored
       featured_tag:
         name: 'You might want to use one of these:'
+      form_challenge:
+        current_password: You are entering a secure area
       imports:
         data: CSV file exported from another Mastodon server
       invite_request:

config/routes.rb

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ Rails.application.routes.draw do
 
     namespace :auth do
       resource :setup, only: [:show, :update], controller: :setup
+      resource :challenge, only: [:create], controller: :challenges
     end
   end
 

spec/controllers/auth/challenges_controller_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'rails_helper'
+
+describe Auth::ChallengesController, type: :controller do
+  render_views
+
+  let(:password) { 'foobar12345' }
+  let(:user) { Fabricate(:user, password: password) }
+
+  before do
+    sign_in user
+  end
+
+  describe 'POST #create' do
+    let(:return_to) { edit_user_registration_path }
+
+    context 'with correct password' do
+      before { post :create, params: { form_challenge: { return_to: return_to, current_password: password } } }
+
+      it 'redirects back' do
+        expect(response).to redirect_to(return_to)
+      end
+
+      it 'sets session' do
+        expect(session[:challenge_passed_at]).to_not be_nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'with incorrect password' do
+      before { post :create, params: { form_challenge: { return_to: return_to, current_password: 'hhfggjjd562' } } }
+
+      it 'renders challenge' do
+        expect(response).to render_template('auth/challenges/new')
+      end
+
+      it 'displays error' do
+        expect(response.body).to include 'Invalid password'
+      end
+
+      it 'does not set session' do
+        expect(session[:challenge_passed_at]).to be_nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/controllers/auth/sessions_controller_spec.rb

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ RSpec.describe Auth::SessionsController, type: :controller do
         let(:user) do
           account = Fabricate.build(:account, username: 'pam_user1')
           account.save!(validate: false)
-          user = Fabricate(:user, email: 'pam@example.com', password: nil, account: account)
+          user = Fabricate(:user, email: 'pam@example.com', password: nil, account: account, external: true)
           user
         end
 

spec/controllers/concerns/challengable_concern_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'rails_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe ChallengableConcern, type: :controller do
+  controller(ApplicationController) do
+    include ChallengableConcern
+
+    before_action :require_challenge!
+
+    def foo
+      render plain: 'foo'
+    end
+
+    def bar
+      render plain: 'bar'
+    end
+  end
+
+  before do
+    routes.draw do
+      get  'foo' => 'anonymous#foo'
+      post 'bar' => 'anonymous#bar'
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'with a no-password user' do
+    let(:user) { Fabricate(:user, external: true, password: nil) }
+
+    before do
+      sign_in user
+    end
+
+    context 'for GET requests' do
+      before { get :foo }
+
+      it 'does not ask for password' do
+        expect(response.body).to eq 'foo'
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'for POST requests' do
+      before { post :bar }
+
+      it 'does not ask for password' do
+        expect(response.body).to eq 'bar'
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'with recent challenge in session' do
+    let(:password) { 'foobar12345' }
+    let(:user) { Fabricate(:user, password: password) }
+
+    before do
+      sign_in user
+    end
+
+    context 'for GET requests' do
+      before { get :foo, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc } }
+
+      it 'does not ask for password' do
+        expect(response.body).to eq 'foo'
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'for POST requests' do
+      before { post :bar, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc } }
+
+      it 'does not ask for password' do
+        expect(response.body).to eq 'bar'
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'with a password user' do
+    let(:password) { 'foobar12345' }
+    let(:user) { Fabricate(:user, password: password) }
+
+    before do
+      sign_in user
+    end
+
+    context 'for GET requests' do
+      before { get :foo }
+
+      it 'renders challenge' do
+        expect(response).to render_template('auth/challenges/new')
+      end
+
+      # See Auth::ChallengesControllerSpec
+    end
+
+    context 'for POST requests' do
+      before { post :bar }
+
+      it 'renders challenge' do
+        expect(response).to render_template('auth/challenges/new')
+      end
+
+      it 'accepts correct password' do
+        post :bar, params: { form_challenge: { current_password: password } }
+        expect(response.body).to eq 'bar'
+        expect(session[:challenge_passed_at]).to_not be_nil
+      end
+
+      it 'rejects wrong password' do
+        post :bar, params: { form_challenge: { current_password: 'dddfff888123' } }
+        expect(response.body).to render_template('auth/challenges/new')
+        expect(session[:challenge_passed_at]).to be_nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication/confirmations_controller_spec.rb

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ describe Settings::TwoFactorAuthentication::ConfirmationsController do
     context 'when signed in' do
       subject do
         sign_in user, scope: :user
-        get :new
+        get :new, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
       end
 
       include_examples 'renders :new'
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ describe Settings::TwoFactorAuthentication::ConfirmationsController do
 
     it 'redirects if user do not have otp_secret' do
       sign_in user_without_otp_secret, scope: :user
-      get :new
+      get :new, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
       expect(response).to redirect_to('/settings/two_factor_authentication')
     end
   end
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ describe Settings::TwoFactorAuthentication::ConfirmationsController do
 
       describe 'when form_two_factor_confirmation parameter is not provided' do
         it 'raises ActionController::ParameterMissing' do
-          post :create, params: {}
+          post :create, params: {}, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
           expect(response).to have_http_status(400)
         end
       end
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ describe Settings::TwoFactorAuthentication::ConfirmationsController do
             true
           end
 
-          post :create, params: { form_two_factor_confirmation: { otp_attempt: '123456' } }
+          post :create, params: { form_two_factor_confirmation: { otp_attempt: '123456' } }, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
 
           expect(assigns(:recovery_codes)).to eq otp_backup_codes
           expect(flash[:notice]).to eq 'Two-factor authentication successfully enabled'
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ describe Settings::TwoFactorAuthentication::ConfirmationsController do
             false
           end
 
-          post :create, params: { form_two_factor_confirmation: { otp_attempt: '123456' } }
+          post :create, params: { form_two_factor_confirmation: { otp_attempt: '123456' } }, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
         end
 
         it 'renders the new view' do

spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication/recovery_codes_controller_spec.rb

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ describe Settings::TwoFactorAuthentication::RecoveryCodesController do
       end
 
       sign_in user, scope: :user
-      post :create
+      post :create, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
 
       expect(assigns(:recovery_codes)).to eq otp_backup_codes
       expect(flash[:notice]).to eq 'Recovery codes successfully regenerated'

spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentications_controller_spec.rb

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ describe Settings::TwoFactorAuthenticationsController do
       describe 'when creation succeeds' do
         it 'updates user secret' do
           before = user.otp_secret
-          post :create
+          post :create, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
 
           expect(user.reload.otp_secret).not_to eq(before)
           expect(response).to redirect_to(new_settings_two_factor_authentication_confirmation_path)

spec/mailers/previews/user_mailer_preview.rb

@@ -18,6 +18,21 @@ class UserMailerPreview < ActionMailer::Preview
     UserMailer.password_change(User.first)
   end
 
+  # Preview this email at http://localhost:3000/rails/mailers/user_mailer/two_factor_disabled
+  def two_factor_disabled
+    UserMailer.two_factor_disabled(User.first)
+  end
+
+  # Preview this email at http://localhost:3000/rails/mailers/user_mailer/two_factor_enabled
+  def two_factor_enabled
+    UserMailer.two_factor_enabled(User.first)
+  end
+
+  # Preview this email at http://localhost:3000/rails/mailers/user_mailer/two_factor_recovery_codes_changed
+  def two_factor_recovery_codes_changed
+    UserMailer.two_factor_recovery_codes_changed(User.first)
+  end
+
   # Preview this email at http://localhost:3000/rails/mailers/user_mailer/reconfirmation_instructions
   def reconfirmation_instructions
     user = User.first