feat: archlinux
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<!doctype html><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><link rel=preconnect href=https://fonts.googleapis.com><link rel=preconnect href=https://fonts.gstatic.com crossorigin><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Recursive:wght,CASL,MONO@300..800,0..1,0..1&display=swap" rel=stylesheet><link href=https://haunt98.github.io/iosevka_webfont/iosevka-term-ss08/iosevka-term-ss08.css rel=stylesheet><link rel=stylesheet href=styles.css><a href=index>Index</a><h1>Install Arch Linux</h1><p>Install Arch Linux is thing I always want to do for my laptop/PC since I had my laptop in ninth grade.<p>This is not a guide for everyone, this is just save for myself in a future and for anyone who want to walk in my shoes.<h2><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Installation_guide>Installation guide</a></h2><h3>Pre-installation</h3><p>Check disks carefully:<pre><code class=language-sh>lsblk
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</code></pre><p><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/USB_flash_installation_medium>USB flash installation medium</a><h4>Verify the boot mode</h4><p>Check UEFI mode:<pre><code class=language-sh>ls /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
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</code></pre><h4>Connect to the internet</h4><p>For wifi, use <a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Iwd>iwd</a>.<h4>Partition the disks</h4><p><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GPT_fdisk>GPT fdisk</a>:<pre><code class=language-sh>cgdisk /dev/sdx
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</code></pre><p><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Partitioning#Partition_scheme>Partition scheme</a><p>UEFI/GPT layout:<table><thead><tr><th>Mount point<th>Partition<th>Partition type<th>Suggested size<tbody><tr><td><code>/mnt/efi</code><td><code>/dev/efi_system_partition</code><td>EFI System Partition<td>512 MiB<tr><td><code>/mnt/boot</code><td><code>/dev/extended_boot_loader_partition</code><td>Extended Boot Loader Partition<td>1 GiB<tr><td><code>/mnt</code><td><code>/dev/root_partition</code><td>Root Partition<td></table><p>BIOS/GPT layout:<table><thead><tr><th>Mount point<th>Partition<th>Partition type<th>Suggested size<tbody><tr><td><td><td>BIOS boot partition<td>1 MiB<tr><td><code>/mnt</code><td><code>/dev/root_partition</code><td>Root Partition<td></table><p>LVM:<pre><code class=language-sh># Create physical volumes
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pvcreate /dev/sdaX
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# Create volume groups
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vgcreate RootGroup /dev/sdaX /dev/sdaY
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# Create logical volumes
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lvcreate -l +100%FREE RootGroup -n rootvol
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</code></pre><p>Format:<pre><code class=language-sh># efi
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mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/efi_system_partition
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# boot
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mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/extended_boot_loader_partition
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# root
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mkfs.ext4 -L ROOT /dev/root_partition
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# root with btrfs
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mkfs.btrfs -L ROOT /dev/root_partition
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# root on lvm
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mkfs.ext4 /dev/RootGroup/rootvol
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</code></pre><p>Mount:<pre><code class=language-sh># root
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mount /dev/root_partition /mnt
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# root with btrfs
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mount -o compress=zstd /dev/root_partition /mnt
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# root on lvm
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mount /dev/RootGroup/rootvol /mnt
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# efi
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mount --mkdir /dev/efi_system_partition /mnt/efi
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# boot
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mount --mkdir /dev/extended_boot_loader_partition /mnt/boot
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</code></pre><h3>Installation</h3><pre><code class=language-sh>pacstrap -K /mnt base linux linux-firmware
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# AMD
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pacstrap -K /mnt amd-ucode
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# Intel
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pacstrap -K /mnt intel-ucode
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# Btrfs
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pacstrap -K /mnt btrfs-progs
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# LVM
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pacstrap -K /mnt lvm2
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# Text editor
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pacstrap -K /mnt neovim
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</code></pre><h3>Configure</h3><h4><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Fstab>fstab</a></h4><pre><code class=language-sh>genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
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</code></pre><h4>Chroot</h4><pre><code class=language-sh>arch-chroot /mnt
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</code></pre><h4>Time zone</h4><pre><code class=language-sh>ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Region/City /etc/localtime
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hwclock --systohc
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</code></pre><h4>Localization:</h4><p>Edit <code>/etc/locale.gen</code>:<pre><code class=language-txt># Uncomment en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
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</code></pre><p>Generate locales:<pre><code class=language-sh>locale-gen
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</code></pre><p>Edit <code>/etc/locale.conf</code>:<pre><code class=language-txt>LANG=en_US.UTF-8
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</code></pre><h4>Network configuration</h4><p>Edit <code>/etc/hostname</code>:<pre><code class=language-txt>myhostname
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</code></pre><h4>Initramfs</h4><p>Edit <code>/etc/mkinitcpio.conf</code>:<pre><code class=language-txt># LVM
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# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Install_Arch_Linux_on_LVM#Adding_mkinitcpio_hooks
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HOOKS=(base udev ... block lvm2 filesystems)
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# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/mkinitcpio#Common_hooks
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# Replace udev with systemd
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</code></pre><pre><code class=language-sh>mkinitcpio -P
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</code></pre><h4>Root password</h4><pre><code class=language-sh>passwd
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</code></pre><h4>Addition</h4><pre><code class=language-sh># NetworkManager
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pacman -Syu networkmanager
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systemctl enable NetworkManager.service
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# Bluetooth
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pacman -Syu bluez
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systemctl enable bluetooth.service
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# Clock
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timedatectl set-ntp true
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</code></pre><h4>Boot loader</h4><p><a href=Applications/System/systemd-boot.md>systemd-boot</a><p><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GRUB>GRUB</a><h2><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/General_recommendations>General recommendations</a></h2><p>Always remember to check <strong>dependencies</strong> when install packages.<h3>System administration</h3><p><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/sudo>Sudo</a>:<pre><code class=language-sh>pacman -Syu sudo
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EDITOR=nvim visudo
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# Uncomment group wheel
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# Add user if don't want to use systemd-homed
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useradd -m -G wheel -c "The Joker" joker
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# Or using zsh
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useradd -m -G wheel -s /usr/bin/zsh -c "The Joker" joker
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# Set password
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passwd joker
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</code></pre><p><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd-homed>systemd-homed (WIP)</a>:<pre><code class=language-sh>systemctl enable systemd-homed.service
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homectl create joker --real-name="The Joker" --member-of=wheel
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# Using zsh
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homectl update joker --shell=/usr/bin/zsh
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</code></pre><p><strong>Note</strong>:<br>Can not run <code>homectl</code> when install Arch Linux.<br>Should run on the first boot.<h3>Desktop Environment</h3><p>Install <a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Xorg>Xorg</a>:<pre><code class=language-sh>pacman -Syu xorg-server
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</code></pre><h4><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GNOME>GNOME</a></h4><pre><code class=language-sh>pacman -Syu gnome-shell \
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gnome-control-center gnome-system-monitor \
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gnome-tweaks gnome-backgrounds gnome-screenshot gnome-keyring gnome-logs \
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gnome-console gnome-text-editor \
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nautilus xdg-user-dirs-gtk file-roller evince eog
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# Login manager
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pacman -Syu gdm
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systemctl enable gdm.service
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</code></pre><h4><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/KDE>KDE (WIP)</a></h4><pre><code class=language-sh>pacman -Syu plasma-meta \
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kde-system-meta
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# Login manager
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pacman -Syu sddm
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systemctl enable sddm.service
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</code></pre><h2><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/List_of_applications>List of applications</a></h2><h3><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/pacman>pacman</a></h3><p>Uncomment in <code>/etc/pacman.conf</code>:<pre><code class=language-txt># Misc options
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Color
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ParallelDownloads
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</code></pre><h3><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/PipeWire>Pipewire (WIP)</a></h3><pre><code class=language-sh>pacman -Syu pipewire wireplumber \
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pipewire-alsa pipewire-pulse \
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gst-plugin-pipewire pipewire-v4l2
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</code></pre><h3><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Flatpak>Flatpak (WIP)</a></h3><pre><code class=language-sh>pacman -Syu flatpak
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</code></pre><h2><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/improving_performance>Improving performance</a></h2><p><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/swap#Swap_file>https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/swap#Swap_file</a><p><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/swap#Swappiness>https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/swap#Swappiness</a><p><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd/Journal#Journal_size_limit>https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd/Journal#Journal_size_limit</a><p><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Core_dump#Disabling_automatic_core_dumps>https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Core_dump#Disabling_automatic_core_dumps</a><p><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Solid_state_drive#Periodic_TRIM>https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Solid_state_drive#Periodic_TRIM</a><p><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Silent_boot>https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Silent_boot</a><p><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Improving_performance#Watchdogs>https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Improving_performance#Watchdogs</a><p><a href=https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/PRIME>https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/PRIME</a><h2>In the end</h2><p>This guide is updated regularly I promise.</p><a href=mailto:hauvipapro+posts@gmail.com>Feel free to ask me via email</a>
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<a rel=me href=https://hachyderm.io/@haunguyen>Mastodon</a>
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# Install Arch Linux
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Install Arch Linux is thing I always want to do for my laptop/PC since I had my laptop in ninth grade.
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This is not a guide for everyone, this is just save for myself in a future and for anyone who want to walk in my shoes.
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## [Installation guide](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Installation_guide)
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### Pre-installation
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Check disks carefully:
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```sh
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lsblk
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```
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[USB flash installation medium](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/USB_flash_installation_medium)
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#### Verify the boot mode
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Check UEFI mode:
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```sh
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ls /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
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```
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#### Connect to the internet
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For wifi, use [iwd](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Iwd).
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#### Partition the disks
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[GPT fdisk](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GPT_fdisk):
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```sh
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cgdisk /dev/sdx
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```
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[Partition scheme](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Partitioning#Partition_scheme)
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UEFI/GPT layout:
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| Mount point | Partition | Partition type | Suggested size |
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| ----------- | ------------------------------------- | ------------------------------ | -------------- |
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| `/mnt/efi` | `/dev/efi_system_partition` | EFI System Partition | 512 MiB |
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| `/mnt/boot` | `/dev/extended_boot_loader_partition` | Extended Boot Loader Partition | 1 GiB |
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| `/mnt` | `/dev/root_partition` | Root Partition | |
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BIOS/GPT layout:
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| Mount point | Partition | Partition type | Suggested size |
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| ----------- | --------------------- | ------------------- | -------------- |
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| | | BIOS boot partition | 1 MiB |
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| `/mnt` | `/dev/root_partition` | Root Partition | |
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LVM:
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```sh
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# Create physical volumes
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pvcreate /dev/sdaX
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# Create volume groups
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vgcreate RootGroup /dev/sdaX /dev/sdaY
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# Create logical volumes
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lvcreate -l +100%FREE RootGroup -n rootvol
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```
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Format:
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```sh
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# efi
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mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/efi_system_partition
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# boot
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mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/extended_boot_loader_partition
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# root
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mkfs.ext4 -L ROOT /dev/root_partition
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# root with btrfs
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mkfs.btrfs -L ROOT /dev/root_partition
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# root on lvm
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mkfs.ext4 /dev/RootGroup/rootvol
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```
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Mount:
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```sh
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# root
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mount /dev/root_partition /mnt
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# root with btrfs
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mount -o compress=zstd /dev/root_partition /mnt
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# root on lvm
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mount /dev/RootGroup/rootvol /mnt
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# efi
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mount --mkdir /dev/efi_system_partition /mnt/efi
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# boot
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mount --mkdir /dev/extended_boot_loader_partition /mnt/boot
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```
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### Installation
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```sh
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pacstrap -K /mnt base linux linux-firmware
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# AMD
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pacstrap -K /mnt amd-ucode
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# Intel
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pacstrap -K /mnt intel-ucode
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# Btrfs
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pacstrap -K /mnt btrfs-progs
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# LVM
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pacstrap -K /mnt lvm2
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# Text editor
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pacstrap -K /mnt neovim
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```
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### Configure
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#### [fstab](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Fstab)
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```sh
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genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
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```
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#### Chroot
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```sh
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arch-chroot /mnt
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```
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#### Time zone
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```sh
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ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Region/City /etc/localtime
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hwclock --systohc
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```
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#### Localization:
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Edit `/etc/locale.gen`:
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```txt
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# Uncomment en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
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```
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Generate locales:
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```sh
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locale-gen
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```
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Edit `/etc/locale.conf`:
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```txt
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LANG=en_US.UTF-8
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```
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#### Network configuration
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Edit `/etc/hostname`:
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```txt
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myhostname
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```
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#### Initramfs
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Edit `/etc/mkinitcpio.conf`:
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```txt
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# LVM
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# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Install_Arch_Linux_on_LVM#Adding_mkinitcpio_hooks
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HOOKS=(base udev ... block lvm2 filesystems)
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# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/mkinitcpio#Common_hooks
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# Replace udev with systemd
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```
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```sh
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mkinitcpio -P
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```
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#### Root password
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```sh
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passwd
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```
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#### Addition
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```sh
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# NetworkManager
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pacman -Syu networkmanager
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systemctl enable NetworkManager.service
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# Bluetooth
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pacman -Syu bluez
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systemctl enable bluetooth.service
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# Clock
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timedatectl set-ntp true
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```
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#### Boot loader
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[systemd-boot](Applications/System/systemd-boot.md)
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[GRUB](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GRUB)
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## [General recommendations](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/General_recommendations)
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Always remember to check **dependencies** when install packages.
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### System administration
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[Sudo](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/sudo):
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```sh
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pacman -Syu sudo
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EDITOR=nvim visudo
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# Uncomment group wheel
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# Add user if don't want to use systemd-homed
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useradd -m -G wheel -c "The Joker" joker
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# Or using zsh
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useradd -m -G wheel -s /usr/bin/zsh -c "The Joker" joker
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# Set password
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passwd joker
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```
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[systemd-homed (WIP)](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd-homed):
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```sh
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systemctl enable systemd-homed.service
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homectl create joker --real-name="The Joker" --member-of=wheel
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# Using zsh
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homectl update joker --shell=/usr/bin/zsh
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```
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**Note**:
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Can not run `homectl` when install Arch Linux.
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Should run on the first boot.
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### Desktop Environment
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Install [Xorg](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Xorg):
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```sh
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pacman -Syu xorg-server
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```
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#### [GNOME](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GNOME)
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```sh
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pacman -Syu gnome-shell \
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gnome-control-center gnome-system-monitor \
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gnome-tweaks gnome-backgrounds gnome-screenshot gnome-keyring gnome-logs \
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gnome-console gnome-text-editor \
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nautilus xdg-user-dirs-gtk file-roller evince eog
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# Login manager
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pacman -Syu gdm
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systemctl enable gdm.service
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```
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#### [KDE (WIP)](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/KDE)
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```sh
|
||||
pacman -Syu plasma-meta \
|
||||
kde-system-meta
|
||||
|
||||
# Login manager
|
||||
pacman -Syu sddm
|
||||
systemctl enable sddm.service
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## [List of applications](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/List_of_applications)
|
||||
|
||||
### [pacman](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/pacman)
|
||||
|
||||
Uncomment in `/etc/pacman.conf`:
|
||||
|
||||
```txt
|
||||
# Misc options
|
||||
Color
|
||||
ParallelDownloads
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### [Pipewire (WIP)](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/PipeWire)
|
||||
|
||||
```sh
|
||||
pacman -Syu pipewire wireplumber \
|
||||
pipewire-alsa pipewire-pulse \
|
||||
gst-plugin-pipewire pipewire-v4l2
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### [Flatpak (WIP)](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Flatpak)
|
||||
|
||||
```sh
|
||||
pacman -Syu flatpak
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## [Improving performance](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/improving_performance)
|
||||
|
||||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/swap#Swap_file
|
||||
|
||||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/swap#Swappiness
|
||||
|
||||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd/Journal#Journal_size_limit
|
||||
|
||||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Core_dump#Disabling_automatic_core_dumps
|
||||
|
||||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Solid_state_drive#Periodic_TRIM
|
||||
|
||||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Silent_boot
|
||||
|
||||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Improving_performance#Watchdogs
|
||||
|
||||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/PRIME
|
||||
|
||||
## In the end
|
||||
|
||||
This guide is updated regularly I promise.
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue