2020-05-24 10:44:40 +00:00
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# Install Arch Linux
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2020-02-02 04:02:43 +00:00
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2020-05-24 10:44:40 +00:00
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Install Arch Linux is thing I always want to do for my laptop/PC since I had my laptop in ninth grade.
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2020-02-02 04:02:43 +00:00
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2021-04-28 08:44:21 +00:00
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This is not a guide for everyone, this is just save for myself in a future and for anyone who want to walk in my shoes.
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2020-02-24 15:33:09 +00:00
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2020-03-13 04:04:51 +00:00
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## [Installation guide](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Installation_guide)
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2020-02-02 04:02:43 +00:00
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2021-04-02 11:10:49 +00:00
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### Pre-installation
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2020-05-20 09:14:22 +00:00
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Check disks carefully:
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2020-05-19 18:49:39 +00:00
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```sh
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lsblk
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```
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2021-04-02 11:10:49 +00:00
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[USB flash installation medium](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/USB_flash_installation_medium)
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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#### Verify the boot mode
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2020-02-02 04:02:43 +00:00
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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Check UEFI mode:
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```sh
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ls /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
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```
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#### Connect to the internet
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2020-02-02 04:02:43 +00:00
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2021-04-22 03:37:59 +00:00
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Use [iwd](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Iwd).
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2021-04-02 11:10:49 +00:00
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#### Update the system clock
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```sh
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timedatectl set-ntp true
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```
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2020-02-02 04:02:43 +00:00
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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#### Partition the disks
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2020-02-02 04:02:43 +00:00
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2021-04-28 08:26:27 +00:00
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[GPT fdisk](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GPT_fdisk):
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2020-03-13 04:04:51 +00:00
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```sh
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2021-04-28 08:26:27 +00:00
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cgdisk /dev/sdx
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2020-03-13 04:04:51 +00:00
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```
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2021-04-27 04:00:35 +00:00
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[Partition scheme](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Partitioning#Partition_scheme)
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UEFI/GPT layout:
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2021-04-28 08:46:45 +00:00
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| Mount point | Partition | Partition type | Suggested size |
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| ----------- | ------------------------------------- | ------------------------------ | -------------- |
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| `/mnt/efi` | `/dev/efi_system_partition` | EFI System Partition | 512 MiB |
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| `/mnt/boot` | `/dev/extended_boot_loader_partition` | Extended Boot Loader Partition | 1 GiB |
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| `/mnt` | `/dev/root_partition` | Root Partition | |
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| `/mnt/var` | `/dev/var_partition` | Var Partition | >= 12 GiB |
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| `/mnt/home` | `/dev/home_partition` | Home Partition | |
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| | `/dev/swap_partition` | Swap | |
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2021-04-28 08:26:27 +00:00
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BIOS/GPT layout:
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2021-04-28 08:40:57 +00:00
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| Mount point | Partition | Partition type | Suggested size |
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| ----------- | --------------------- | ------------------- | -------------- |
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| | | BIOS boot partition | 1 MiB |
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| `/mnt` | `/dev/root_partition` | Root Partition | |
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| `/mnt/var` | `/dev/var_partition` | Var Partition | >= 12 GiB |
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| `/mnt/home` | `/dev/home_partition` | Home Partition | |
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| | `/dev/swap_partition` | Swap | |
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2020-03-28 14:38:17 +00:00
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2020-05-19 18:49:39 +00:00
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Format:
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```sh
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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# efi
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mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/efi_system_partition
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# boot
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2021-04-28 08:46:45 +00:00
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mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/extended_boot_loader_partition
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2020-05-19 18:49:39 +00:00
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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# root
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2021-04-21 11:50:36 +00:00
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mkfs.ext4 -L ROOT /dev/root_partition
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mkfs.btrfs -L ROOT /dev/root_partition
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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2021-04-17 06:23:46 +00:00
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# var
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2021-04-21 11:50:36 +00:00
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mkfs.ext4 -L VAR /dev/var_partition
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mkfs.btrfs -L VAR /dev/var_partition
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2021-04-17 06:23:46 +00:00
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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# home
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2021-04-21 11:50:36 +00:00
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mkfs.ext4 -L HOME /dev/home_partition
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mkfs.btrfs -L HOME /dev/home_partition
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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# swap
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2021-04-28 08:26:27 +00:00
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mkswap /dev/swap_partition
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2020-05-19 18:49:39 +00:00
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```
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2020-08-11 06:05:09 +00:00
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Mount:
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```sh
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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# root
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mount /dev/root_partition /mnt
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2021-04-28 05:04:51 +00:00
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# btrfs
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mount -o compress=zstd /dev/root_partition /mnt
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2020-10-07 08:40:52 +00:00
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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# efi
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mkdir /mnt/efi
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mount /dev/efi_system_partition /mnt/efi
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2020-08-11 06:05:09 +00:00
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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# boot
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mkdir /mnt/boot
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2021-04-28 08:46:45 +00:00
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mount /dev/extended_boot_loader_partition /mnt/boot
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2020-08-11 06:05:09 +00:00
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2021-04-17 06:23:46 +00:00
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# var
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mkdir /mnt/var
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2021-04-28 05:04:51 +00:00
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mount /dev/var_partition /mnt/var
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# btrfs
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mount -o compress=zstd /dev/var_partition /mnt/var
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2021-04-17 06:23:46 +00:00
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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# home
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mkdir /mnt/home
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mount /dev/home_partition /mnt/home
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2021-04-28 05:04:51 +00:00
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# btrfs
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mount -o compress=zstd /dev/home_partition /mnt/home
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2020-10-11 17:26:10 +00:00
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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# swap
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swapon /dev/swap_partition
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2020-08-11 06:05:09 +00:00
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```
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2020-08-11 17:00:24 +00:00
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### Installation
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```sh
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2021-04-21 11:50:36 +00:00
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pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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# LTS
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pacstrap /mnt linux-lts
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# Performance
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pacstrap /mnt linux-zen
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2021-03-30 03:34:16 +00:00
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# AMD
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pacstrap /mnt amd-ucode
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2021-02-13 06:45:01 +00:00
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2021-03-30 03:34:16 +00:00
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# Intel
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2021-02-13 06:45:01 +00:00
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pacstrap /mnt intel-ucode
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2021-04-04 09:55:44 +00:00
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2021-04-21 11:50:36 +00:00
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# Btrfs
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pacstrap /mnt btrfs-progs
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# Text editor
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pacstrap /mnt neovim
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2021-04-28 06:28:15 +00:00
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# Development
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pacstrap /mnt base-devel
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2021-02-13 06:45:01 +00:00
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```
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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### Configure
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2021-04-28 05:04:51 +00:00
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#### [fstab](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Fstab)
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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```sh
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genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
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```
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2021-04-28 05:18:04 +00:00
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https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Fstab#Automount_with_systemd
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https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Btrfs#Compression
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2021-04-28 05:04:51 +00:00
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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#### Chroot
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```sh
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arch-chroot /mnt
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```
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#### Time zone
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```sh
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ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Region/City /etc/localtime
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hwclock --systohc
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```
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#### Localization:
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Edit `/etc/locale.gen`:
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```txt
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2021-04-02 11:10:49 +00:00
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# Uncomment en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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```
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Generate locales:
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```sh
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locale-gen
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```
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Edit `/etc/locale.conf`:
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```txt
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LANG=en_US.UTF-8
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```
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#### Network configuration
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Edit `/etc/hostname`:
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```txt
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myhostname
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```
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Edit `/etc/hosts`:
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```txt
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2021-04-22 03:16:19 +00:00
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127.0.0.1 localhost
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::1 localhost
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127.0.1.1 myhostname.localdomain myhostname
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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```
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#### Root password
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```sh
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passwd
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```
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2021-05-07 07:19:14 +00:00
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#### Addition
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```sh
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# NetworkManager
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pacman -Syu networkmanager
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systemctl enable NetworkManager.service
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# Bluetooth
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2021-05-20 16:18:42 +00:00
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pacman -Syu bluez
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2021-05-07 07:19:14 +00:00
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systemctl enable bluetooth.service
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# Clock
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timedatectl set-ntp true
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```
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2021-04-02 11:07:14 +00:00
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#### Boot loader
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2020-03-13 04:04:51 +00:00
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2020-08-11 17:00:24 +00:00
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[systemd-boot](Applications/System/systemd-boot.md)
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2020-03-13 04:04:51 +00:00
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2021-04-28 08:26:27 +00:00
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[GRUB](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GRUB)
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2020-03-13 04:04:51 +00:00
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## [General recommendations](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/General_recommendations)
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2020-02-02 04:02:43 +00:00
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2020-03-28 14:38:17 +00:00
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Always remember to check **dependencies** when install packages.
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2020-02-23 17:54:34 +00:00
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2020-03-13 04:04:51 +00:00
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### System administration
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2021-04-28 11:09:22 +00:00
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[Sudo](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/sudo):
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2021-04-28 09:30:13 +00:00
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```sh
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pacman -Syu sudo
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EDITOR=nvim visudo
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# Uncomment group wheel
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```
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2021-04-28 11:09:22 +00:00
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[systemd-homed](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd-homed):
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2021-04-28 06:28:15 +00:00
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```sh
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systemctl enable systemd-homed.service
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homectl create joker --real-name="The Joker" --member-of=wheel
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```
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2021-04-28 10:27:14 +00:00
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**Note**:
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Can not run `homectl` when install Arch Linux.
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Should run on the first boot.
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2021-04-28 08:40:57 +00:00
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2020-08-11 17:00:24 +00:00
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### Desktop Environment
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2020-02-02 04:02:43 +00:00
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2020-05-19 19:27:28 +00:00
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Install [Xorg](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Xorg):
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2020-02-02 04:02:43 +00:00
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2020-05-19 19:27:28 +00:00
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```sh
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pacman -Syu xorg-server
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```
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2020-02-02 04:02:43 +00:00
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2021-04-03 15:58:00 +00:00
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#### [GNOME](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GNOME)
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2020-02-02 04:02:43 +00:00
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2021-02-13 06:17:05 +00:00
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```sh
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2021-04-21 04:29:08 +00:00
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pacman -Syu gnome-shell \
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2021-05-11 02:59:54 +00:00
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gnome-control-center gnome-system-monitor \
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gnome-terminal gnome-backgrounds gnome-screenshot gnome-keyring \
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2021-04-28 05:04:51 +00:00
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nautilus xdg-user-dirs-gtk file-roller \
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2021-04-21 04:29:08 +00:00
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evince eog gedit
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2021-02-13 06:17:05 +00:00
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2021-04-03 15:58:00 +00:00
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# Login manager
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2021-05-11 02:59:54 +00:00
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pacman -Syu gdm
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2020-05-19 19:27:28 +00:00
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systemctl enable gdm.service
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2020-03-13 04:04:51 +00:00
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```
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## [List of applications](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/List_of_applications)
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2020-05-06 18:38:17 +00:00
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### [pacman](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/pacman)
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2020-10-07 08:40:52 +00:00
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Uncomment in `/etc/pacman.conf`:
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2020-05-06 18:38:17 +00:00
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```txt
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# Misc options
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Color
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```
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2021-03-29 17:38:38 +00:00
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## [Improving performance](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/improving_performance)
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2021-04-28 07:11:32 +00:00
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https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/swap#Swap_file
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2021-04-28 05:18:04 +00:00
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https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/swap#Swappiness
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2021-03-29 17:38:38 +00:00
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2021-04-28 05:18:04 +00:00
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https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd/Journal#Journal_size_limit
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2021-03-29 17:38:38 +00:00
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2021-04-28 05:18:04 +00:00
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https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Core_dump#Disabling_automatic_core_dumps
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2021-03-29 18:00:18 +00:00
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2021-04-28 05:18:04 +00:00
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https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Solid_state_drive#Periodic_TRIM
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2021-03-29 17:38:38 +00:00
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2021-04-28 05:18:04 +00:00
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https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Silent_boot
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2021-04-04 17:45:58 +00:00
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2020-03-13 04:04:51 +00:00
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## In the end
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2020-02-04 13:19:22 +00:00
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2020-03-28 14:38:17 +00:00
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This guide is updated regularly I promise.
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